清教徒 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	清教徒
品名（英）	The Puritan
入馆年号	1939年，39.65.53
策展部门	美国之翼（The American Wing）
创作者	Augustus Saint-Gaudens【1848 至 1907】【美国人】
创作年份	公元 1883 - 公元 1899
创作地区
分类
尺寸	30 1/2 x 18 1/2 x 13 英寸 (77.5 x 47 x 33 厘米)
介绍（中）	1881年，圣高登斯受铁路大亨兼国会议员切斯特·W·查宾的委托，为马萨诸塞州斯普林菲尔德著名的早期定居者塞缪尔·查宾执事（1595-1675）雕刻了一尊大型青铜肖像。这位雕塑家在他的《回忆》中写道："这尊雕像……是为了代表塞缪尔·查宾执事，但我把它发展成了……‘清教徒’的化身。"1887年感恩节，"清教徒"在斯普林菲尔德的斯特恩斯广场揭幕，位于斯坦福·怀特设计的场地的一端。纪念碑于1899年搬迁至梅里克公园。在《清教徒》中，圣高登斯成功地将一个抽象的想法转化为三维形式。这个人物不是个人肖像，而是清教徒教条的代表。眼睛向下聚焦，他拄着一根打结的手杖，大步穿过布满松树的新英格兰荒野，底部散落着几根树枝。大约1894年，圣高登斯决定在全尺寸的"清教徒"之后进行削减，因为这座雕像很受欢迎，而且他将获得收入。到1898年中期，巴黎开始铸造青铜制的浮雕。经过定位的缩小，数量超过40个，显示出人物的微小变化。例如，帽子和手杖的角度各不相同，尤其是颜色，从大都会的金色到棕色再到绿色。
介绍（英）	In 1881 Saint-Gaudens was commissioned by Chester W. Chapin, a railroad tycoon and congressman, to sculpt a large-scale bronze likeness of an ancestor, Deacon Samuel Chapin (1595–1675), a prominent early settler of Springfield, Massachusetts. The sculptor wrote in his "Reminiscences" that: "The statue . . . was to represent Deacon Samuel Chapin, but I developed it into an embodiment . . . of the 'Puritan.'" On Thanksgiving Day 1887, "The Puritan" was unveiled on Stearns Square in Springfield, at one end of a site designed by Stanford White. The monument was relocated to Merrick Park in 1899. In "The Puritan," Saint-Gaudens successfully translated an abstract idea into three-dimensional form. The figure is not an individual portrait, but a representation of Puritan dogma. Eyes focused downward, he strides with a knotty walking stick across the pine-strewn New England wilderness, symbolized by a few scattered branches on the base. About 1894, Saint-Gaudens resolved to make reductions after the full-size "Puritan," because of the statue's popularity and for the income he would derive. By mid-1898 bronze reductions were being cast in Paris. Located reductions, which number more than forty, reveal minor alterations to the figure. Examples vary in the angles of the hat and the walking stick and particularly in the coloration, which ranges from gold to brown to the green of the Metropolitan's cast.