带盖子和支架的图林 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	带盖子和支架的图林
品名（英）	Tureen with cover and stand
入馆年号	1933年，33.165.2a–c
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	Jacques-Nicolas Roettiers【1736 至 1788】
创作年份	公元 1770 - 公元 1771
创作地区
分类	金属制品银（Metalwork-Silver）
尺寸	整体 (tureen with cover (2a, b), wt. confirmed): 2 7/8 × 18 3/8 × 15 3/8 英寸, 14 磅 (7.3 × 46.7 × 39.1 厘米, 6.3 kg); 整体 (stand (.2c), wt. confirmed): 2 7/8 × 18 3/8 英寸, 14.9 磅 (7.3 × 46.7 厘米, 6.8 kg)
介绍（中）	这个图伦和展台是十八世纪下半叶最广泛的银器服务中的二十二个这样的图伦之一，数量超过3，000件。凯瑟琳大帝委托它在巴黎"以最新时尚制造"。皇后关心的是设计和生产的最小细节。雕塑家艾蒂安-莫里斯·法尔科内（Étienne-Maurice Falconet）在将新古典主义风格引入塞夫尔瓷器工厂方面发挥了重要作用，他就风格问题提供了建议，并可能负责一些图纸，而俄罗斯帝国特工则定期监督参与填写这一大订单的各个车间的执行。凯瑟琳原名安哈尔特-采尔布斯特公主，在相对简陋的环境中长大，因此对奢华的宫廷生活有着强烈的热情，装饰艺术在其中发挥了重要作用。银色服务是凯瑟琳送给情人的丰盛礼物的罕见文件。格雷戈里·奥洛夫伯爵（1734-1783）和他的四个兄弟策划了1762年的阴谋，推翻了彼得三世，让凯瑟琳上台。1772 年 9 月，凯瑟琳将这项服务赠送给奥尔洛夫，奥尔洛夫不久后"退休"并住在加特契纳宫，直到 1783 年去世，之后王室从奥尔洛夫的继承人手中重新获得了这项服务。除了大胆的新古典主义外观外，一项全面的创新是省略了迄今为止主导王子餐桌装饰的精致中心装饰品或装饰品。这个空间现在被看台和烛台上的大块头占据。自十九世纪初以来，这种正式的餐桌设置在西欧就被称为俄罗斯服务。
介绍（英）	This tureen and stand comprise one of twenty-two such tureens in the most extensive silver service of the second half of the eighteenth century, numbering more than 3,000 items. Catherine the Great commissioned it to be "made in the latest fashion" in Paris. The empress was concerned with the smallest details of the design and production. The sculptor Étienne-Maurice Falconet, who had been instrumental in introducing the Neoclassical style to the Sèvres porcelain factory, advised on stylistic matters and may have been responsible for some of the drawings, whereas imperial Russian agents periodically supervised the execution at the various workshops involved in filling this large order. Catherine, born Princess Anhalt-Zerbst, had grown up in comparatively modest circumstances, thus possessed an intense enthusiasm for an opulent court life, in which the decorative arts played an important role. The silver service is a rare document of the exuberant gifts that Catherine showered on her lovers. Count Gregory Orloff (1734–1783) and his four brothers orchestrated the conspiracy of 1762 that dethroned Peter III and brought Catherine to power. In September 1772, Catherine presented the service to Orloff, who "retired" shortly afterward and lived in Gatchina Palace until his death in 1783, after which the crown reacquired the service from Orloff's heirs. Aside from its bold Neoclassical appearance, a total innovation was the omission of the elaborate centerpiece, or ménage, that had hitherto dominated princely table decorations. The space was now occupied by large tureens on stands and candelabra. Such formal table settings have been known in western Europe as services à la russe since the early nineteenth century.