欧元 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	欧元
品名（英）	Ewer
入馆年号	1948年，48.187.19
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	I.V.
创作年份	公元 1698 - 公元 1699
创作地区
分类	金属制品银（Metalwork-Silver）
尺寸	高: 10 3/4 英寸 (27.3 厘米)
介绍（中）	这只简单优雅的母羊是在路易十五的宫廷里进化而来的头盔类型。这种形式以倒置的古典头盔为基础，在1690年代成为法国白银的流行款式自十四世纪以来，人们就开始使用水壶和面盆，主要用于餐桌。用餐前和用餐期间都要洗手，这是用餐者的习惯。一个仆人端着水盆，另一个仆人倒水。随着个人用餐者使用叉子的增加，这种做法变得不那么常见了这只母羊于1699/1700年在巴黎制造，最初配有一个椭圆形的盆。它也可能是厕所服务的一部分路易十六在1689年、1699年和1709年颁布的三项法令导致大量金银器熔化，以铸造新的铸币并补充国库。这也是导致法国陶瓷制造业发展的因素之一。银的模型被用于制作毛皮，头盔形状的母羊在各种毛皮制造厂制作。（见17.190.1764和58.60.14）叶海瑟木材公司创始人之一的女儿凯瑟琳·D·温特沃斯（1865-1948）是一名艺术学生和画家，在法国生活了三十年。她成为18世纪法国白银最重要的美国收藏家之一，1948年去世时，她将自己收藏的大量白银、金盒、法国家具和纺织品的一部分遗赠给了大都会博物馆。收藏的国内白银特别多，其中大部分是省级的，还包括一些罕见的早期作品。
介绍（英）	This simple graceful ewer is of the helmet type that evolved at Louis XlV’s court. The form, based on an inverted classical helmet, became a popular model in French silver by the 1690’s. Ewers and basins had been in use since the fourteenth century, principally for the dining table. It was the custom for a diner’s hands to be washed both before and during the meal. While one servant held the basin, another poured the water. As the use of forks by individual diners increased, this practice became less common. This ewer, made in Paris in 1699/1700, would have originally been accompanied by an oval basin. It could also have been part of a toilet service. The three sumptuary edicts issued by Louis XlV in 1689, 1699, and 1709 led to the melting down of vast quantities of gold and silverware in order to mint new coinage and replenish the state treasury. It was also one of the factors leading to the development of ceramic manufacturing in France. The models of silver were used for faience and helmet-shaped ewers were made in various faience manufactories. (see 17.190.1764 and 58.60.14) Daughter of one of the founders of the Weyerhaeuser Timber Company, Catherine D. Wentworth (1865-1948) was an art student and painter who lived in France for thirty years. She became one of the most important American collectors of eighteenth-century French silver and on her death in 1948 bequeathed part of her significant collection of silver, gold boxes, French furniture and textiles to the Metropolitan Museum. The collection is particularly strong in domestic silver, much of it provincial, and includes a number of rare early pieces.