由四匹马牵引的凯旋战车形式的自动机 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	由四匹马牵引的凯旋战车形式的自动机
品名（英）	Automaton in the Form of a Triumphal Chariot Drawn by Four Horses
入馆年号	1982年，1982.60.136
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1755 - 公元 1775
创作地区
分类	金属制品镀金青铜（Metalwork-Gilt Bronze）
尺寸	长: 14 5/8 英寸 (37.1 厘米)
介绍（中）	右前轮上方的弹簧驱动装置激活该轮子和马匹下方的两个轴，推动战车向前行驶，使每对马来回摆动。由于轴是连接的，可以通过将领头的马向右或向左转动来操纵战车。这种类型的自动机与詹姆斯·考克斯（James Cox）制造的自动机具有特征，虽然这件作品的做工来自不同的手，但其完成的风格与考克斯1766年的自动机非常兼容（见1982.60.137）。该自动机的变体模型以前在Foy系列中（在纽约帕克-伯内特出售，1959年5月22日至23日，编号645），并包括由伦敦制表师詹姆斯·厄普约翰（James Upjohn，工作于1760年至约1779年）签名的手表，而不是放在战车座位上的军事奖杯。两个有点相似的马车自动机——一个由马驱动，另一个由飞鸽拉动——在沃德斯登庄园;后者被一块由未记录的制表师威廉克劳奇签名的手表所覆盖。到目前为止，这些作品的镀金青铜元素的设计者和铸造者几乎完全是匿名的，只能注意到其生产中的风格和精致程度存在差异。
介绍（英）	A spring-driven device above the right front wheel activates that wheel and two shafts beneath the horses, propelling the chariot forward and causing each pair of horses to bob back and forth. As the shafts are jointed, the chariot can be steered by turning the lead horses to the right or left. Automata of this type are in character with those made by James Cox, and, while the workmanship of this piece is from a different hand, its accomplished style is quite compatible with that of Cox's automaton of 1766 (see 1982.60.137). A variant model of this automaton was formerly in the Foy collection (sold at Parke-Bernet, New York, May 22–23, 1959, lot 645) and included, in place of the military trophy resting on the seat of the chariot, a watch signed by the London watchmaker James Upjohn (working 1760–ca. 1779). Two somewhat similar carriage automata—one driven by horses, the other pulled by flying doves—are at Waddesdon Manor; the latter is surmounted by a watch signed by the unrecorded watchmaker William Crouch. The designers and casters of the gilt-bronze elements of these pieces are so far almost entirely anonymous, and it is possible only to note the existence of differences in the styles and degrees of refinement in their production.