一个女人的大理石墓碑 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	一个女人的大理石墓碑
品名（英）	Marble grave stele of a woman
入馆年号	1908年，08.258.42
策展部门	希腊和罗马艺术（Greek and Roman Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 425 - 公元前 400
创作地区
分类	石雕（Stone Sculpture）
尺寸	整体: 62 1/4 x 38英寸 (158.1 x 96.5厘米)
介绍（中）	死者坐在椅子上，左手举起一个lekythos（油瓶），膝盖上放着一个大盒子。虽然据说这块石碑来自阿提卡，但山墙的简化处理、人物有点僵硬的姿势以及大理石的类型表明它是在 Boeotia 雕刻的。浮雕右上角的平坦区域用爪凿子加工，留下短的、平行的、齿状的痕迹。在古典时期完成的坟墓浮雕上不太可能有这样的痕迹，因为它们会用平凿子抚平。标记的存在表明石碑是在后来重新加工的。在Boeotia的Thespiae发现了许多具有类似重加工表面的石碑。在罗马时期，忒斯皮亚人重复使用公元前五世纪末和四世纪祖先的墓碑来标记自己死者的坟墓。浮雕通常略有翻新：表面可以用爪凿重新加工，铭文被新的铭文取代，人物完全移除。
介绍（英）	The deceased, seated on a chair, holds a lekythos (oil flask) in her raised left hand and a large pyxis (box) on her lap. Although the stele is said to be from Attica, the simplified treatment of the pediment, the somewhat stiff pose of the figure, and the type of marble suggest that it was carved in Boeotia. A flat area at the upper right of the relief has been worked over with a claw chisel, leaving short, parallel, toothlike marks. Such marks would be unlikely on finished grave reliefs of the classical period, for they would have been smoothed with a flat chisel. The presence of the marks suggests that the stele was reworked at a later time. A number of stelai with similar reworked surfaces have been found at Thespiae, in Boeotia. During the Roman period, the Thespians reused ancestral gravestones from the late fifth and fourth centuries B.C. to mark the graves of their own dead. The reliefs were often slightly refurbished: surfaces might be reworked with a claw chisel, inscriptions replaced with new ones, and figures totally removed.