马的青铜雕像 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	马的青铜雕像
品名（英）	Bronze statuette of a horse
入馆年号	1923年，23.69
策展部门	希腊和罗马艺术（Greek and Roman Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 115 - 公元前 1
创作地区
分类	青铜器（Bronzes）
尺寸	高 15 13/16 英寸 (40.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	当这匹青铜马于1923年首次被收购时，其严肃的威严使其被认定为公元前五世纪的早期古典杰作。长期以来，它被誉为博物馆古典藏品中艺术上最重要的单一物品。20世纪60年代末，它的真实性因技术原因受到质疑，引起了国际社会的骚动和激烈的学术辩论。经过广泛的科学分析，包括对其粘土芯的热释光测年，证明了其真实性。然而，根据我们目前对希腊化艺术中早期风格重复使用的认识，重新考虑其风格特征，导致更可能的年代确定在希腊化晚期在古典时期，这种大雕像主要是宗教性质的。青铜马或马和骑手雕像通常被放置在动物主人在保护区设立的柱子顶部，以纪念在奥林匹亚、德尔斐、地峡和涅米亚等泛希腊保护区举行的赛马中的一次或多次胜利。这种做法在希腊化时代仍在继续，当时这种马的雕塑也有其他用途。例如，它可以装饰一个私人住宅。它也可能是为罗马艺术市场制作的，在公元前一世纪，许多希腊艺术家都在为其制作古典风格的作品。
介绍（英）	When this bronze horse was first acquired in 1923, its austere majesty led to its identification as an Early Classical masterpiece of the fifth century B.C. It was long heralded as artistically the most important single object in the Museum's Classical collection. In the late 1960s, its authenticity was questioned on technical grounds, causing an international uproar and intense scholarly debate. After extensive scientific analysis, including thermoluminescence dating of its clay core, its authenticity was vindicated. However, reconsideration of its stylistic features in light of our current knowledge of the reuse of earlier styles in Hellenistic art has led to a more probable dating in the Late Hellenistic period. In the Classical period, such large statuettes were primarily religious in nature. Bronze horse or horse-and-rider statuettes were typically placed on the tops of columns set up at sanctuaries by the animal's owner in commemoration of one or more victories in the horse races held at the Panhellenic sanctuaries of Olympia, Delphi, Isthmia, and Nemea. This practice continued in Hellenistic times, when other uses were also possible for such a sculpture of a horse. For example, it could have decorated a private home. It could also have been made for the Roman art market, for which many Greek artists were producing works in the Classical style in the first century B.C.