科利尔第二型五发燧石左轮手枪 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	科利尔第二型五发燧石左轮手枪
品名（英）	Collier Second Model Five-Shot Flintlock Revolver
入馆年号	1956年，56.165
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者	Elisha Haydon Collier【1788 至 1856】【美国人】
创作年份	公元 1795 - 公元 1845
创作地区	原产国: 英格兰, 伦敦（Country of Origin: England, London）
分类	火器枪燧石（Firearms-Guns-Flintlock）
尺寸	长 14 英寸 (35.6 厘米); 长 of barrel 6 1/4 英寸 (15.9 厘米); Cal. .47 英寸 (11.9 毫米); 重 2 磅 2 盎司 (963.9 g)
介绍（中）	科利尔手枪的设计远远领先于时代。它的技术、结构和外观预示着二十年后在美国开发和制造的柯尔特打击左轮手枪。1818 年 11 月 24 日，居住在伦敦的波士顿美国工程师 Elisha Collier 在英国获得专利，该机构的特点是手动旋转的五发气缸和内置于钢中的启动粉末弹匣。科利尔本人不是枪匠，也没有发明这个动作。该行动最初由马萨诸塞州康科德的阿尔特马斯·惠勒上尉（1781-1845 年）构思，他于 1818 年 6 月 10 日在美国申请了专利。科利尔拥有在英国制造和销售它的权利，他的专利改进了惠勒的设计。十九世纪初，火器技术在欧洲以惊人的速度发展。伦敦的精英枪械制造商，专注于优化准确性、操控性和速度，以满足英格兰体育绅士的期望，处于其发展的前沿。基于1780年代和1790年代的设计进步，特别是燧发枪点火机构的改进，他们在接下来的三十年中获得了数十项令人眼花缭乱的新技术专利，从改进的锁定机制到新颖的枪管制造技术，竞争保护和销售他们的发明。手工制作，精度非凡，这一时期的许多伦敦枪支除了设计优雅外，还表现出非凡的机械独创性。枪支领域的这种创造性推动可能是在英国工业革命的更广泛背景下构建的 - 这一时期的特点是美化技术进步和庆祝个人发明家和工程师。
介绍（英）	The Collier pistol’s design was far ahead of its time. Its technology, construction, and appearance anticipated Colt percussion revolvers that were developed and manufactured in the United States two decades later. Patented in England on November 24, 1818 by Elisha Collier, an American engineer from Boston living in London, the mechanism features a hand-rotated five-shot cylinder and a priming powder magazine incorporated into the steel. Collier himself was not a gunsmith and did not invent the action. The action was originally conceived by Captain Artemas Wheeler (1781–1845) of Concord, Massachusetts, who patented it in the United States on June 10, 1818. Collier held the rights to manufacture and sell it in England, and his patent made improvements to Wheeler’s design. Firearms technology advanced at an extraordinary pace in Europe in the early nineteenth century. London’s elite gunmakers, intensely focused on optimizing accuracy, handling, and speed to meet the expectations of England’s sporting gentry were at the forefront of its development. Building on design advancements made in the 1780s and 1790s, particularly the refinement of the flintlock ignition mechanism, they secured in the next three decades dozens of patents for a dizzying variety of new technologies ranging from improved lock mechanisms to novel barrel-making techniques, competing to protect and market their inventions. Handmade with remarkable precision, many London firearms of the period display extraordinary mechanical ingenuity, in addition to being elegantly designed. This creative push in the firearms field may be framed within the broader context of the Industrial Revolution in England—a period marked by the glorification of technological advancements and the celebration of individual inventors and engineers.