马拉松传球 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	马拉松传球
品名（英）	The Manirung Pass
入馆年号	1999年，2005.100.499 (99)
策展部门	摄影（Photographs）
创作者	Samuel Bourne【1834 至 1912】【英国人】
创作年份	公元 1860 - 公元 1869
创作地区
分类	照片（Photographs）
尺寸	23.7 x 29.6 厘米 (9 5/16 x 11 5/8 英寸)
介绍（中）	在英国作为专业摄影师取得初步成功后，塞缪尔·伯恩于 1863 年航行到印度，抵达后不久在西姆拉开设了一家工作室。从那里开始，他连续三次前往喜马拉雅山进行摄影探险，这给他带来了广泛的认可，他在 1864 年至 1870 年的"英国摄影杂志"的页面上对此进行了描述。这张马尼隆山口的照片拍摄于 1866 年，拍摄于最后一次也是最艰苦的探险，探险的目的地是恒河的源头。在植物学家和地质学家G. R. Playfair的陪同下，伯恩招募了一支由八十名搬运工组成的团队，他们驾驶绵羊和山羊的活食物供应，并携带化学品箱，玻璃板和便携式暗室帐篷。伯恩在海拔18，600英尺处穿越山口，在天空阴云密布之前成功拍摄了三张照片，创造了高海拔摄影的记录。经过近乎致命的艰辛，探险队到达了恒河发源地甘戈特里冰川脚下的冰洞，并安全返回西姆拉。正是通过这种身体勇气的壮举，以及对最高艺术标准的顽强追求，伯恩赢得了无与伦比的摄影师兼探险家的声誉。到1870年伯恩离开印度返回英国时，他已经创作了2，500多幅风景，其中大部分是建筑和风景，由他的搭档查尔斯·谢泼德（Charles Shepherd）分发，构成了一位摄影师在印度制作的最详尽的记录。伯恩经过深思熟虑、精心制作的图像被游客、考古学家和植物学家收集。这张照片的相册包含 131 张图片，其中包括 68 张 Bourne 的照片。除了少数例外，所有其他图像，从板球比赛到业余戏剧和沉船，都是在印度制作的。从英国人的角度来看，这是一份关于次大陆的丰富信息文件，这张专辑可能是由一位居住在印度的英国人在 1860 年代后期组装的。
介绍（英）	After some initial success as a professional photographer in England, Samuel Bourne sailed to India in 1863 and soon after his arrival opened a studio in Simla. From there he embarked on three successive photographic expeditions to the Himalayas, which brought him wide recognition and which he described in the pages of the "British Journal of Photography" in issues dating from 1864 to 1870. This photograph of the Manirung Pass was made in 1866 on the last and most strenuous of the expeditions, the destination of which was the source of the Ganges. Accompanied by the botanist and geologist G. R. Playfair, Bourne enlisted a team of eighty porters who drove a live food supply of sheep and goats and carried boxes of chemicals, glass plates, and a portable darkroom tent. Crossing the pass at an elevation of 18,600 feet, Bourne succeeded in taking three views before the sky clouded over, setting a record for photography at high altitudes. After near-fatal hardships, the expedition reached the ice cave at the foot of Gangotri Glacier, where the Ganges originates, and returned safely to Simla. It was through such feats of physical courage, as well as the obstinate pursuit of the highest artistic standards, that Bourne earned his reputation as a peerless photographer-explorer. By the time Bourne left India in 1870 to return to England, he had produced over 2,500 views, mostly of architecture and landscapes, which, distributed by his partner Charles Shepherd, constitute the most exhaustive record made in India by a single photographer. Bourne's carefully thought-out, meticulously crafted images were collected by tourists, archaeologists, and botanists alike. The album of 131 images from which this view is taken includes 68 photographs by Bourne. With a few exceptions all the other images, ranging from cricket games to amateur theatricals and shipwrecks, were made in India. A richly informative document on the subcontinent as viewed through British eyes, the album was probably assembled by a British resident in India in the late 1860s.