Snafle钻头 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	Snafle钻头
品名（英）	Snaffle Bit
入馆年号	1942年，42.50.476
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 1100 - 公元前 600
创作地区	挖掘于: 意大利, 安德里亚（Excavated in: Italy, Andria）
分类	马术器械钻头（Equestrian Equipment-Bits）
尺寸	宽 9 1/2 英寸 (24.1 厘米); 重 6 盎司 (170.1 g)
介绍（中）	Snafle钻头是最简单的一种马钻头，对肋骨（马下巴没有牙齿的部分）和唇角都有影响。本例中的喉管由两个连接在中间的链环组成，两个铰接按钮用于缰绳。这个钻头最初可能是由更大的金属环或由木材或骨头等易腐烂材料制成的颧骨制成的。颧骨有助于指示马的方向，并防止戒指穿过马的嘴。这个头像可能也与这些缺失的戒指或颧骨有关像这样的马碎片与其他马钉和武器一起埋在男性坟墓里。这种类型的钻头见于青铜时代晚期和铁器时代早期，从高加索到意大利半岛。这个例子据说是在意大利的安德里亚发掘的，但在高加索的科班墓地、今天的俄罗斯和罗马尼亚也发现了许多类似的遗迹。
介绍（英）	The snaffle bit is the simplest type of horse bit, and has an effect on the bars (part of the horses’ jaw without teeth) and the corners of the lips. The mouthpiece of this example is composed of two links jointed in the middle, with two articulated buttons for the reins. This bit was originally possibly completed by larger metal rings or cheekpieces made of perishable material, like wood or bone. The cheekpieces help indicate the direction to the horse and keep the rings from pulling through the horse's mouth. The headstall would have probably been connected to these missing rings or cheekpieces as well. Horse bits like this one were buried in male graves with other pieces of horse tack and weapons. This type of bit is found in late Bronze age and early Iron age contexts from the Caucasus to the Italian peninsula. This example is said to have been excavated in Andria, Italy, but many similar bits have also been found in the Koban necropolis, Caucasus, in today's Russia, and in Romania.