烧杯（kero） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	烧杯（kero）
品名（英）	Beaker (kero)
入馆年号	1978年，1978.412.214
策展部门	迈克尔·洛克菲勒之翼（The Michael C. Rockefeller Wing）
创作者
创作年份	公元 600 - 公元 1100
创作地区	玻利维亚或秘鲁（Bolivia or Peru）
分类	木质容器（Wood-Containers）
尺寸	高 4 1/2 × 宽 3 1/4 × 深 2 1/4 英寸 (11.4 × 8.3 × 5.7 厘米)
介绍（中）	当瓦里和蒂瓦纳库城市统治安第斯山脉中部和南部时，带有张开边的圆柱形烧杯（称为keros）是一种很流行的容器形式。用于在仪式和日常聚会中食用玉米啤酒，在维护社会和政治关系方面发挥了重要作用。刻罗是由木头、烧制的粘土、金和银制成的，这些材料反映了主人的社会地位。它们的外部装饰有宗教意象和几何图案。在这条围巾的圆周上有四个拟人化的有翅膀的人物，他们的浮雕很低，但很清晰。其抽象的雕刻风格、人物的扭曲和密集的装饰是Tiwanaku艺术的特点。所有四个人物都右手拿着杖，这是古代秘鲁地位和权威的象征。两只猫的脸朝着天空，另外两只猛禽的头朝前。它们的翅膀顶端有侧面的动物头，这是Tiwanaku艺术中经常使用的惯例。这个杯子可能是在沿海沙漠地区发现的，那里的木材等有机材料保存条件最好，因为埋在那里的土壤缺乏水分。
介绍（英）	Cylindrical beakers with flaring sides, called keros, are a vessel form popular when the cities of Wari and Tiwanaku dominated the central and southern Andes. Used for the consumption of chicha (corn beer) during ceremonies and everyday gatherings, they played an important role in the maintenance of social and political relations. Keros were made of wood, fired clay, gold, and silver—the material reflecting the social status of the owner. They are decorated on the exterior with religious imagery and geometric motifs. On the circumference of this kero are four anthropomorphized winged figures in low but crisp relief. Its abstract carving style, distortion of the figures, and dense ornamentation are characteristic of Tiwanaku art. All four figures carry the staffs in their right hands that are a symbol of status and authority in ancient Peru. Two have feline faces looking skyward, the other two have raptor heads facing forward. Their wings are tipped with profile animal heads, a much used convention in Tiwanaku art. The cup was probably found in the coastal desert region where preservation conditions for organic materials such as wood are best due to the lack of moisture in the soil in which it was buried.