头盔面罩 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	头盔面罩
品名（英）	Helmet Mask
入馆年号	1978年，1978.412.560
策展部门	迈克尔·洛克菲勒之翼（The Michael C. Rockefeller Wing）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1700 - 公元 1880
创作地区	喀麦隆（Cameroon）
分类	珠子雕塑（Beads-Sculpture）
尺寸	高 26 x 宽 14 x 深 10 3/4 英寸 (66 x 35.6 x 27.3 厘米)
介绍（中）	在喀麦隆草原王国的社会和政治分层政体中，口罩的展示和拥有是特权和声望的重要指标。 "Kwifoyn"是一个监管协会，其成员的权力来自Fon或国王，负责监督各级刑事司法，并作为政府的行政部门行使职能。"Kwifoyn"被组织成排名小屋;会员资格要求支付与每个旅馆的相对地位相称的规定费用。会员的特权之一是在为纪念其成员而举行的庆祝活动中赞助面具形式。"Kwifoyn"还控制着许可将面具形式复制给愿意支付费用的世系团体的权利。通过应用珠子、贝壳或黄铜护套来区分的面具是 Fon 的特权，并在宫殿和监管协会的共同权威下发挥作用。这个面具承载了这些昂贵而久负盛名的材料的丰富积累，还在头饰中描绘了与智慧相关的风格化蜘蛛的象征性强大形象。杰出人士因在葬礼和相关活动中出现这样的面具而感到荣幸。围绕头衔持有者的埋葬和纪念活动，这些庆祝活动为面具提供了从他们看守的储藏室中出现并在全体民众面前跳舞的机会。公开展示面具和其他声望艺术的另一个场合是宫廷赞助的庆祝活动，称为"Nja"，即冯氏舞蹈。这一一年一度的庆祝活动恰逢12月底或1月初的主要收获结束。
介绍（英）	In the socially and politically stratified polities of the Grassfields Kingdoms of Cameroon, the display and ownership of masks are important indicators of privilege and prestige. "Kwifoyn", a regulatory society whose members derive their authority from the Fon, or king, oversees all levels of criminal justice and functions as an executive branch of government. "Kwifoyn" is organized into ranked lodges; membership requires the payment of prescribed fees commensurate with each lodge's relative status. Among the privileges of membership is patronage of mask forms in celebrations performed in honor of its members. "Kwifoyn" also controls the right to license the replication of mask forms to lineage groups willing to pay a fee. Masks distinguished by the application of beads, cowrie shells, or brass sheathing are the prerogative of the Fon and function under the joint authority of the palace and regulatory society. This mask, which bears a rich accumulation of these costly and prestigious materials, also depicts the symbolically potent imagery of a stylized spider, associated with wisdom, in the headdress. Distinguished individuals are honored by the appearance of masks such as this one at funerals and related events. Surrounding the burial and commemoration of titleholders, these celebrations provide occasions for the masks to emerge from their guarded storerooms and to be danced before the entire population. Another occasion for the public display of masks and other prestige arts is a palace-sponsored festivity known as "Nja", the Fon's dance. This annual celebration coincides with the conclusion of the main harvest in late December or early January.