鸟粪 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	鸟粪
品名（英）	Bird Spatula
入馆年号	1991年，1991.419.32
策展部门	迈克尔·洛克菲勒之翼（The Michael C. Rockefeller Wing）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1000 - 公元 1600
创作地区	哥伦比亚（Colombia）
分类	金属装饰品（Metal-Ornaments）
尺寸	高 5 1/2 × 宽 1 7/8 × 深 1 1/2 英寸 (14 × 4.8 × 3.8 厘米)
介绍（中）	哥伦比亚考卡河上游地区的波帕扬镇附近地区出产了许多与任何其他风格无关的漂亮金器。具有相当大的视觉吸引力和卓越的工艺，优雅的作品总是由tumbaga铸造而成;它们的表面通过耗尽镀金方法（也称为Mese-en-Couleur）来丰富。鸟类意象在前哥伦布时期美洲的金制品中无处不在。具有特征性正面姿势的地峡鹰吊坠尤其广为人知，不同版本的展翼和尾巴类型也来自哥伦比亚。在这里，艺术家找到了一种创新的方式来描绘这只全飞的鸟。从上方看，这只鸟似乎在潜水，它张开的尾巴和翅膀形成了一个线性的镂空图案，也许是为了表示羽毛并传达一种轻盈的感觉。鸟的头，在强烈弯曲的脖子上，有一个扇形的冠和强壮的喙，让人想起鹦鹉。这只鸟装饰着石灰刮刀的顶部，石灰刮刀的轴异常短。抹刀被用来从容器中取出石灰粉，并将其添加到古柯叶中咀嚼。咀嚼古柯是南美洲安第斯地区非常古老的传统，它的用具可能是精致而珍贵的。
介绍（英）	The area near the town of Popayán in the upper Cauca River area of Colombia has produced a number of handsome gold objects that are not related to any other styles. Of considerable visual appeal and superior craftsmanship, the elegant works are invariably cast of tumbaga; their surfaces were enriched by the depletion gilding method, also known as mise-en-couleur. Bird imagery is pervasive in the goldwork of Precolumbian America. Isthmian eagle pendants, with their characteristic frontal pose, are particularly well known, and different versions of the spread-wing-and-tail type come from Colombia as well. Here the artist has found an innovative way to depict the bird in full flight. Visualized from above, the bird appears to dive, its spread tail and wings forming a linear openwork pattern, perhaps to indicate feathers and to convey a sense of lightness. The bird's head, atop a strongly curved neck, has a fanned-out crest and strong beak that recalls a parrot. The bird adorns the top of a lime spatula that has an unusually short shaft. Spatulas were used to take powdered lime from a container and to add it to coca leaves for chewing. Coca chewing is a very ancient tradition in Andean South America and the paraphernalia for it could be elaborate and precious.