项链 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	项链
品名（英）	Necklace
入馆年号	2001年，2002.231
策展部门	迈克尔·洛克菲勒之翼（The Michael C. Rockefeller Wing）
创作者
创作年份	公元 875 - 公元 1625
创作地区	哥伦比亚（Colombia）
分类	金属装饰品（Metal-Ornaments）
尺寸	高 1 1/2 × 宽 9 × 宽 9 英寸 (3.8 × 22.9 × 22.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	构成这条项链的五十四颗珠子是由一种名为tumbaga的铜金合金铸造而成。合金中相对较高的铜含量解释了金的粉红色色调。珠子的弯曲、尖的形状可能代表动物的牙齿和/或爪子。一个奇怪的、无法解释的特征是每个珠子顶部的突出旋钮。旋钮可能是装饰性的，或者更有可能有额外的装饰，比如五颜六色的羽毛或绑在它们周围的线。珠子侧面的磨损表明，直径约1.5厘米的扁平石珠曾被放置在金色珠子之间。这里珠子的排列是推测性的由许多重复元素制成的项链在前哥伦布美洲的许多地方很常见。至少从公元前三千年开始，它们被制作成各种风格、形状和材料。泰罗纳人的文化在加勒比海沿海平原和哥伦比亚北部内华达山脉圣玛尔塔山麓蓬勃发展，他们似乎具有特别的文化重要性。从泰罗纳的精英墓葬中发现了数百万颗由黄金、贝壳和半宝石（如玛瑙、碧玉和玛瑙）制成的精美珠子。
介绍（英）	The fifty-four beads forming this necklace are cast of a copper-gold alloy known as tumbaga. The relatively high copper content in the alloy accounts for the pink tonality of the gold. The curved, pointed shape of the beads may represent animal teeth and or claws. A curious, unexplained feature is the projecting knob on top of each bead. The knobs may be ornamental or, more likely, may have had additional decorations such as colorful feathers or threads tied around them. Abrasions on the sides of the beads suggest that flat stone beads, about 1.5 centimeters in diameter, were once placed between the gold ones. The arrangement of the beads here is conjectural. Necklaces made of many repeated elements are common in many parts of Precolumbian America. Beginning in at least the third millennium B.C., they were fabricated in a wide range of styles, shapes, and materials. Among the Tairona, whose culture flourished in the Caribbean coastal plain and foothills of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta in northern Colombia, they seem to have had particular cultural importance. Millions of finely made beads of gold, shell, and semiprecious stone such as carnelian, jasper, and agate have been recovered from elite Tairona burials.