葬礼救济 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	葬礼救济
品名（英）	Funerary relief
入馆年号	1898年，98.19.1
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 150 - 公元 200
创作地区	来自于: （From: ）
分类
尺寸	21 5/8 × 17 3/8 × 7 1/2 英寸 (54.9 × 44.1 × 19.1 厘米)
介绍（中）	铭文： 1'Akiba， 'Ate'akab的2个儿子， 3个（Gaddaia的儿子）。 4 唉！音译： 1 ʿqybʾ 2 br ʿtʿqb 3 gdyʾ 4 ḥbl 这种浮雕是公元前三个世纪繁荣的商队城市巴尔米拉的一种葬礼纪念碑。带有死者代表和简短识别铭文的浮雕被用来密封精心装饰的公共坟墓中的墓位; 那些半长或半身像格式的人在公元 65 年之后的某个时候变得流行。这里展示的是一个留着胡子的男人的上半身，他穿着希腊斗篷，被称为himation，穿在Chiton或束腰外衣上，像吊索一样缠绕在右臂上。他左手拿着一个小东西，可能是书卷，手的小指上戴着戒指。浮雕的背景是空白的，除了他头的右侧用Palmyrene Aramaic题词，上面写着他的名字以及他父亲和祖父的名字，最后是巴尔米拉葬礼浮雕上常见的悲伤表达。他的眼睑轮廓清晰，瞳孔和虹膜由一个较大的切口圆圈内的实心钻孔圆圈表示。大眼睛和指示眉毛的模型脊强调了他目光的强度，远远超出了观众的范围。男人的头发由一排波浪形的头发代表，这些卷发均匀地落在他的额头上，形成一个帽子般的发型。他的短胡须由单独的波浪形发组成。这幅浮雕在风格上可以追溯到公元 150-200 年左右，因为人物的胡须和他身上的深度模型褶皱。
介绍（英）	Inscription: 1 ‘Akiba, 2 son of ‘Ate’akab, 3 (son of) Gaddaia. 4 Alas! Transliteration: 1 ʿqybʾ 2 br ʿtʿqb 3 gdyʾ 4 ḥbl This relief is a type of funerary monument characteristic of the prosperous caravan city of Palmyra during the first three centuries A.D. Reliefs with a representation of the deceased and a short identifying inscription were used to seal burial niches in elaborately decorated communal tombs; those with a half-length or bust format became prevalent sometime after A.D. 65. Shown here is the upper body of a bearded man dressed in a Greek cloak known as a himation, worn over a chiton, or tunic, and wrapped around the right arm like a sling. He holds a small object, probably a schedula (book roll), in his left hand, and wears a ring on the little finger of that hand. The background of the relief is blank except for an inscription in Palmyrene Aramaic to the right of his head giving his name and his father and grandfather’s names, ending with an expression of sorrow common on funerary reliefs at Palmyra. His eyelids are carefully outlined and the pupil and iris indicated by a solid drilled circle inside a larger incised one. The large eyes and the modeled ridge indicating the eyebrows emphasize the intensity of his gaze, directed far beyond the viewer. The man’s hair is represented by a row of wavy locks which fall at an even length upon his forehead, creating a cap-like hairstyle. His short beard is composed of individual wavy locks. This relief can be stylistically dated to around 150-200 A.D. because of the figure’s beard and the deeply modeled folds of the himation.