圆柱体密封和现代印象：坐在平台上的女性形象，带着“辫子女士”和壶 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	圆柱体密封和现代印象：坐在平台上的女性形象，带着“辫子女士”和壶
品名（英）	Cylinder seal and modern impression: female figure seated on a platform with "pigtailed ladies" and pots
入馆年号	1941年，41.160.227
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 3300 - 公元前 2900
创作地区
分类
尺寸	13/16 × 13/16 × 13/16 英寸 (2 × 2 × 2 厘米)
介绍（中）	尽管早在公元前七千年，雕刻的石头就被用来在粘土上压印印记，但公元前四千年，可以在粘土上滚动的雕刻圆柱体的发明使得印章设计更加复杂。这些最初在美索不达米亚使用的圆筒形印章，作为所有权或身份的标志。印章要么印在用来关闭罐子、门和篮子的粘土块上，要么印在记录商业或法律交易信息的泥板上。这些印章通常由宝石制成。保护性财产可能归因于材料本身和雕刻图案。印章对古代近东艺术的研究很重要，因为每个时期都有许多印章，因此，印章可以帮助确定时间阶段。通常保存的图像不再存在于任何其他媒介中，它们作为风格和图像的视觉编年史展示了印章的现代印象，从而可以看到整个设计。这枚印章上的图像描绘了一个蹲在平台上的人物，由两个"扎着辫子的女士"服务，一个坐在她身后，另一个站在她前面，手里拿着一只船。第四个人坐在地上，双臂张开，紧握着一艘大船的把手。该图上方是一个大弧形，可能是一个覆盖物，也可能是一只尾巴细长的倒置四足动物。场地的其余部分充满了两种类型的容器。主要的船只有五艘，船身上有一个大的圆形钻痕，顶部和底部有两个较小的钻痕。此外，还有两个未知类型的小容器或容器停在密封的地线上。它们由三角形的身体和两个几乎像翅膀一样的环组成。
介绍（英）	Although engraved stones had been used as early as the seventh millennium B.C. to stamp impressions in clay, the invention in the fourth millennium B.C. of carved cylinders that could be rolled over clay allowed the development of more complex seal designs. These cylinder seals, first used in Mesopotamia, served as a mark of ownership or identification. Seals were either impressed on lumps of clay that were used to close jars, doors, and baskets, or they were rolled onto clay tablets that recorded information about commercial or legal transactions. The seals were often made of precious stones. Protective properties may have been ascribed to both the material itself and the carved designs. Seals are important to the study of ancient Near Eastern art because many examples survive from every period and can, therefore, help to define chronological phases. Often preserving imagery no longer extant in any other medium, they serve as a visual chronicle of style and iconography. The modern impression of the seal is shown so that the entire design can be seen. The imagery on this seal depicts a figure squatting on a platform being served by two "pigtailed ladies", one sitting behind her and the other in font of her holding a vessel. A fourth figure sits on the ground line with arms outstretched to clasp the handle of a large vessel. Above this figure is a large arc, which may be a covering, or may be an inverted quadruped with an elongated tail. The rest of the field is filled with vessels of two types. The predominant vessel, of which there are five, is depicted with one large round drill mark for the body and two smaller drill marks on top and bottom. In addition, there are two more small vessels or containers of unknown type resting on the ground line of the seal. They are formed with triangular bodies and two almost wing-like loops sprouting from their tops.