梨形瓶 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	梨形瓶
品名（英）	Piriform jar
入馆年号	1948年，48.98.24
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 3005 - 公元前 2250
创作地区
分类
尺寸	8.54 英寸 (21.69 厘米)
介绍（中）	这个梨形（意为"梨形"）陶瓷罐有一个小底座和一个细长的窄颈部，带有项圈和喇叭形边缘。它由灰色粘土使用陶轮制成，并装饰有几个水平的孵化记录。这艘船是在今天伊朗东北部的图伦特佩（Tureng Tepe）挖掘的，靠近现代城市戈尔甘（Gorgan）。在青铜时代，Tureng Tepe是一个大型定居点，甚至可能在镇中心有一座泥砖宫殿。在此期间，死者被埋在房屋的地板下，这也许表明人们相信他们继续在家庭事务中发挥重要作用。像这样的陶器被放置在这些坟墓中。该容器的形状表明它被用作卧螺离心机，但这无法证明，也没有迹象表明从中倒出哪种液体。目前还不清楚这些器皿是日常使用还是专门用于丧葬仪式，因为在现场发现的大部分陶器都是在坟墓中发现的。公元前2000年左右，这种抛光的灰色陶器从戈尔根平原消失，引发了一种理论，即Tureng Tepe的居民迁移到伊朗西部，定居在那里许多着名的铁器时代遗址，如Sialk和Hasanlu。但后来来自图伦石阵的陶器与这种抛光的灰色陶器具有许多相同的形状和特征，陶瓷品味和技术也有可能只是发生了变化。
介绍（英）	This piriform (meaning ‘pear-shaped’) ceramic jar has a small base and an elongated, narrow neck with a collar and a flaring rim. It is made of grey clay using a potter’s wheel, and decorated with several horizontal registers of hatching. This vessel was excavated at Tureng Tepe in what is today northeastern Iran, near the modern city of Gorgan. During the Bronze Age Tureng Tepe was a large settlement, possibly even with a mudbrick palace at the center of town. In this period the dead were buried under the floors of houses, indicating perhaps a belief that they continued to play an important role in family affairs. Pottery vessels such as this one were placed in these graves. The shape of this vessel suggests that it was used as a decanter, but this cannot be proven and there is no indication of what sort of liquid was poured from it. It also unclear whether these vessels were used on a daily basis or specifically for funerary rites, as most of the pottery recovered at the site was found in graves. The disappearance of this type of burnished grey pottery from the Gorgan Plain around 2000 B.C. has given rise to theories that the inhabitants of Tureng Tepe migrated into western Iran, settling at many of the well-known Iron Age sites there, such as Sialk and Hasanlu. But later pottery from Tureng Tepe has many of the same shapes and features as this burnished grey pottery, and it is just as likely that ceramic tastes and technologies simply changed.