装饰有角动物的碗 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	装饰有角动物的碗
品名（英）	Bowl decorated with horned animals
入馆年号	1959年，59.1
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 5500 - 公元前 4000
创作地区
分类
尺寸	4 1/2 × 10 1/4 × 10 1/4 英寸 (11.4 × 26 × 26 厘米)
介绍（中）	就像许多来自伊朗的铜质时期（约公元前5500-3000年）的陶器一样，这件陶器制作非常巧妙，薄壁厚度非常均匀。与在卡山附近的Tepe Sialk遗址发掘的类似陶器相似，它的年代可以追溯到公元前5000-4000年。碗被打磨成有光泽的光泽，在这个过程中，用石头或骨器摩擦一个已经干燥到皮革般硬度的容器，以降低表面对液体的渗透性。这一过程可能主要是功能性的，但对碗的成型和装饰所付出的谨慎和努力表明，闪闪发光的表面的美学效果也很重要。虽然碗的外表面是均匀的红色，但碗的内部装饰着由八个锯齿形图案连接的同心圆，这些图案排列得像车轮的辐条。在最上面的圆圈上方，画着四只风格化的大角山羊，它们的身体由十字线图案填充的轮廓表示，它们的头朝着顺时针方向，稍微向前倾斜，好像在运动。这些动物和它们下面的漩涡图案的结合给人一种快速、螺旋式运动的印象，垂直的Z字形线条似乎代表了野山羊逃离追捕者时闪烁的腿。由于碗的内部是装饰的，所以可能主要是从上面看，也许是因为从碗里喝水的人逐渐清空了碗里的东西，慢慢地露出了设计。
介绍（英）	Like much of the pottery from Iran in the Chalcolithic Period (ca. 5500-3000 B.C.), this piece is very skillfully made, with thin walls of very uniform thickness. Parallels with similar pottery excavated at the site of Tepe Sialk near Kashan allow it to be dated to 5000-4000 B.C. The bowl has been burnished to a glossy shine, a process in which a vessel that has dried to leather-like hardness is rubbed with a stone or bone tool in order to make the surface less permeable to liquids. This process may have been primarily functional, but the care and effort placed on the shaping and decoration of the bowl suggests that the aesthetic effects of the gleaming surface were also important. While the outside surface of the bowl is a uniform red color, the inside has been decorated with painted concentric circles connected by eight hatched zig-zag patterns arranged like the spokes of a wheel. Above the uppermost circle, four stylized ibexes with large horns are painted, their bodies indicated by outlines filled in by a crosshatched pattern, their heads facing in a clockwise direction and tilted slightly forward, as if in motion. The combination of the animals and the swirling pattern below them gives the impression of quick, spiraling movement, with the vertical zig-zag lines seeming to represent the flashing legs of the ibex in flight from a pursuer. As the bowl was decorated on the inside, it was probably meant to be seen primarily from above, perhaps as the person drinking from the bowl gradually emptied its contents, slowly revealing the design.