山羊装饰的储物罐 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	山羊装饰的储物罐
品名（英）	Storage jar decorated with mountain goats
入馆年号	1959年，59.52
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 4005 - 公元前 3595
创作地区
分类
尺寸	21 英寸 (53.3 厘米)
介绍（中）	古代近东的人们利用丰富的粘土为他们的城市建造砖块，也将其作为记录历史、宗教信仰和商业交易的表面。此外，粘土被广泛用于制作陶器，以至于考古学家在古城废墟中发现的陶器比任何其他形式的艺术都多。公元前4000年，在伊朗中部和西南部，像这个大罐子这样的陶器上的彩绘装饰达到了一个新的高级水平。几何图案、鸟类和动物的组合在浅黄色粘土上以深棕色勾勒出轮廓。这些精美的器皿经常在坟墓中发现，因此可能被用于宗教或埋葬仪式这个卵形的储物罐是早期陶器制作的杰作，融合了风格化但非静态的设计。一只山羊，或称野山羊，侧身站在六条带子的最上面，这六条带子环绕着这个大罐子最宽的部分，强调了它的巨大周长。它大大扩大的角的曲线与罐子的圆形形状相呼应，动物腿之间的弯曲空间也是如此。野山羊拥有巨大的能量和活力——耳朵、尾巴、枪口和羊胎上的簇毛以及角的弯曲都会产生这种感觉。直线与之字形图案交替构成动物两侧的空间。在几何框架内的野山羊的设计单位在罐子的圆周上重复两次。整体艺术效果是动感十足的。壶的形状略不规则，这表明它要么是用粘土卷手工建造的，要么是用慢速轮子扔的改编自《古代近东艺术：教育工作者的资源》（2010）
介绍（英）	People of the ancient Near East used the abundant supply of clay to construct bricks for their cities and also as a surface upon which to record their histories, religious beliefs, and business transactions. In addition, clay was widely used for making pottery — so much so that archaeologists find more pottery in the ruins of ancient cities than any other form of art. In the fourth millennium B.C. in central and southwestern Iran, painted decoration on pottery like this large jar reached a new level of sophistication. Combinations of geometric patterns, birds, and animals were silhouetted in dark brown on buff clay. These fine vessels were often found in tombs and therefore may have been used in religious or burial rituals. This ovoid storage jar is a masterpiece of early pottery making, incorporating a design that is stylized but not static. A mountain goat, or ibex, stands in profile on the topmost of six bands, which circles the widest part of this large jar and emphasizes its great girth. The curves of its greatly enlarged horns echo the circular form of the jar, as do the curved spaces between the animal’s legs. The ibex possesses great energy and animation — a sensation created by the sharp projections of the ears, tail, tufted hair on the muzzle and fetlocks, and the sweeping curve of the horns. Straight lines alternating with zig-zag patterns frame the space on each side of the animal. The design unit of an ibex within a geometric frame is repeated twice more around the circumference of the jar. The overall artistic effect is one of movement and dynamism. The slightly irregular shape of the pot suggests it either was built up by hand with coils of clay or was thrown on a slow wheel. Adapted from, Art of the Ancient Near East: A Resource for Educators (2010)