楔形文字碑：借银 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	楔形文字碑：借银
品名（英）	Cuneiform tablet: loan of silver
入馆年号	1966年，66.245.17a
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 2000 - 公元前 1800
创作地区
分类
尺寸	4.6 x 4.6 x 1.6 厘米 (1 3/4 x 1 3/4 x 5/8 英寸)
介绍（中）	库尔特佩，卡纳什古城，是一座强大的国际化城市，位于安纳托利亚中部的卡帕多西亚北部。在公元前两千年早期，它成为阿舒尔（美索不达米亚北部的亚述）商人在该地区建立的贸易定居点网络的一部分。这些商人乘坐驴队长途旅行，经常与家人分开生活，除了控制安纳托利亚内部的铜贸易外，他们还用大量的锡和纺织品换取黄金和白银。尽管商人采用了当地安纳托利亚生活的许多方面，但他们带来了美索不达米亚用来记录交易的工具：楔形文字、泥板和信封，以及圆柱印章。商人使用简化版的精致楔形文字书写系统，追踪贷款、商业交易和纠纷，并向阿舒尔的家庭和商业伙伴发送信件。这些文本还提供了有关阿舒尔和安纳托利亚城邦更大政治历史的信息，以及亚述人和安纳托利亚人的日常生活细节，他们不仅并肩工作，还一起结婚生子。在库尔特佩，大约公元前1836年大火摧毁了这座城市，数千本保存在家庭档案中的文字得以保存，让我们得以一窥公元前第二个千年初近东发生的复杂而复杂的商业和社会互动，记录了两名男子欠商人阿舒尔·伊迪的6米纳（约3公斤）白银。该文本规定，三分之一的贷款必须在下一次收割前支付，其余的必须在晚些时候支付。如果到那时还没有偿还，它将按每月利率收取利息。文本中列出了目击者，他们的印章出现在装有药片的粘土信封或盒子上（66.245.17b）。
介绍（英）	Kültepe, the ancient city of Kanesh, was a powerful and cosmopolitan city located in northern Cappadocia in central Anatolia. During the early second millennium B.C., it became part of the network of trading settlements established across the region by merchants from Ashur (in Assyria in northern Mesopotamia). Travelling long distances by donkey caravan, and often living separately from their families, these merchants traded vast quantities of tin and textiles for gold and silver in addition to controlling the copper trade within Anatolia itself. Although the merchants adopted many aspects of local Anatolian life, they brought with them Mesopotamian tools used to record transactions: cuneiform writing, clay tablets and envelopes, and cylinder seals. Using a simplified version of the elaborate cuneiform writing system, merchants tracked loans as well as business deals and disputes, and sent letters to families and business partners back in Ashur. These texts also provide information about the greater political history of Ashur and the Anatolian city-states as well as details about the daily life of Assyrians and Anatolians who not only worked side-by-side, but also married and had children together. At Kültepe, thousands of these texts stored in household archives were preserved when fire destroyed the city in ca. 1836 B.C. and provide a glimpse into the complex and sophisticated commercial and social interactions that took place in the Near East during the beginning of the second millennium B.C. This cuneiform text, read from left to right, documents 6 minas (c. 3 kg) of silver owed by two men to the merchant Ashur-idi. The text states one third of the loan must be paid by the next harvest and the rest at a later date. If it is not repaid by that time it will accrue interest charged at a monthly rate. Witnesses are listed in the text, and their seals appear on the clay envelope or case which contained the tablet (66.245.17b).