罐塞密封（？） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	罐塞密封（？）
品名（英）	Sealing on jar stopper (?)
入馆年号	1969年，69.24.38
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 1 - 公元 3
创作地区
分类
尺寸	3.25 x 3 英寸 (8.26 x 7.62 厘米)
介绍（中）	这块粘土被称为"布拉"，上面有四个相同印章的印记，上面有一棵风格化的树的图像。根据它的形状，这只布拉似乎是罐子口中的塞子。印章是古代的会计工具，例如用来指示谁提供了商品，谁负责支付商品，或者谁收到了商品。在这种情况下，印章印痕可能表明谁提供了罐子里的东西。罐子一打开，布拉就被丢弃了这座布拉是在伊朗北部的Shahr-i Qumis发掘的，这里被确定为赫卡托普洛斯古城，约公元前200年帕提亚人将其作为帝国的首都。在希腊语中，赫卡托克洛斯的意思是"一百扇门"，这表明这座城市相当大。事实上，现代考古遗址包括几个土堆，其中只有几个被挖掘出来，还有一大片被碎片覆盖的区域。这只牛拉是在IV号现场的一口井中发现的。这口井似乎是故意填充的，但很难说这只牛蛙——以及它可能连接的罐子——是出于特定原因放在井里的，还是只是被丢弃了。公元前1世纪末或公元1世纪初的某个时候，第四遗址的大型建筑被泥土完全填满，也许当时帕提亚的首都被转移到了其他地方，城市的精英居民也随之离开了。
介绍（英）	This lump of clay, called a ‘bulla,’ bears four impressions of the same stamp seal, featuring an image of a stylized tree. Based on its shape, this bulla seems to have been a stopper in the mouth of a jar. Seals were ancient accounting tools, used for example to indicate who supplied a commodity, who was responsible for its disbursement, or who received it. In this case, the seal impressions may indicate who supplied the contents of the jar. Once the jar was opened, the bulla was discarded. This bulla was excavated at Shahr-i Qumis in northern Iran, which has been identified as the ancient city of Hecatompylos, established by the Parthians as the capital of their empire by about 200 B.C. In Greek Hecatompylos means ‘a hundred gates,’ suggesting that the city was quite large. Indeed, the modern archaeological site includes several mounds, only a few of which have been excavated, and a vast area covered with potsherds. This bulla was found in a well at Site IV. The well appears to be have been filled deliberately, but it is difficult to say whether this bulla – and the jar to which it may have been attached – was placed in the well for a specific reason or if it was simply discarded. The large building at Site IV was completely filled with dirt sometime in the late 1st century B.C. or early 1st century A.D., perhaps when the Parthian capital was moved elsewhere and the city’s elite residents left with it.