朝圣瓶 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	朝圣瓶
品名（英）	Pilgrim flask
入馆年号	1978年，1978.93.34
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 100 - 公元 100
创作地区
分类
尺寸	10 3/4 × 10 1/16 × 7 7/16 英寸 (27.3 × 25.6 × 18.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	这种透镜状（即透镜状）陶瓷器皿是由灰褐色粘土制成的，并饰有梅花纹。它有一个狭窄的嘴，除了部分边缘外是完整的。它是在伊朗北部的Shahr-i Qumis发掘的，被确定为赫卡托普洛斯古城，约公元前200年帕提亚人将其作为帝国的首都。在希腊语中，赫卡托弗洛斯的意思是"一百扇门"，这表明这座城市相当大。事实上，现代考古遗址包括几个土堆，其中只有几个被挖掘出来，还有一大片被碎片覆盖的区域。这艘船来自第七遗址，这座建筑最初可能是一座精英住宅，但后来被重新用作陪葬建筑这种形状的器皿通常被称为"朝圣烧瓶"，因为它们与罗马帝国晚期开始在地中海各地的基督教朝圣地点出售的纪念器皿相似。然而，这种形状早在基督教出现之前就已经存在了，所以这个词有些误导性。这种容器的小尺寸和窄口当然有助于将其用作水或其他饮料的个人烧瓶，很像现代食堂 1967年，英国波斯研究所在Shahr-i Qumis的发掘工作得到了大都会艺术博物馆的共同赞助。然而，这个烧瓶直到1971年才被发现，它是由于英国气象局对该研究所在伊朗另一个遗址Tepe Nush-i Jan的发掘工作的资助而从英国研究所获得的。当时，伊朗政府允许外国挖掘机保留一部分发现物，而这些挖掘机反过来会将其份额分配给支持这项工作的机构。
介绍（英）	This lentoid (i.e., lens-shaped) ceramic vessel is made of grey-brown clay and decorated with a plum slip. It has a narrow mouth, and is complete except for part of the rim. It was excavated at Shahr-i Qumis in northern Iran, which has been identified as the ancient city of Hecatompylos, established by the Parthians as the capital of their empire by about 200 B.C. In Greek Hecatompylos means ‘a hundred gates,’ suggesting that the city was quite large. Indeed, the modern archaeological site includes several mounds, only a few of which have been excavated, and a vast area covered with potsherds. This vessel comes from Site VII, a building which may have originally been an elite residence but which was subsequently reused as a funerary structure. Vessels of this shape are often called ‘pilgrim flasks’ because of their resemblance to the souvenir vessels sold at Christian pilgrimage sites around the Mediterranean, beginning in the late Roman Empire. Yet this shape existed long before the advent of Christianity, so this term is somewhat misleading. The small size and narrow mouth of this vessel certainly lend themselves to its use as personal flask for water or some other drink, much like a modern canteen. The excavations at Shahr-i Qumis by the British Institute of Persian Studies in 1967 were co-sponsored by the Metropolitan Museum of Art. However, this flask was not discovered until 1971, and it was acquired from the British Institute as a result of the Met’s financial contributions to the Institute’s excavations at Tepe Nush-i Jan, another site in Iran. At the time the Iranian government allowed foreign excavators to keep a portion of the finds, and these excavators in turn would divide their share among the institutions that supported the work.