银德拉克姆 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	银德拉克姆
品名（英）	Silver drachm
入馆年号	1987年，1987.481.1
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 145 - 公元前 141
创作地区
分类
尺寸	1/16 x 11/16 英寸 (0.2 x 1.8 厘米)
介绍（中）	钱币学家——研究硬币的学者——将硬币的"正面"称为"正面"，"背面"通常以人或神的头像为特征在这枚德拉克姆银币的正面，国王的半身像面朝右侧。他剃得干干净净，头上戴着一顶王冠（古希腊获胜运动员戴的头带）背面偏离中心，显示一名坐着的男子面朝左，双腿交叉。一只老鹰栖息在他伸出的右手上，左手拿着一根棍子。三面环绕着希腊铭文。由于硬币状况不佳，铭文难以辨认；从其他例子中，我们知道它写着"胜利的德米特里乌斯·斐拉德尔弗斯国王"。这枚硬币是塞琉古国王德米特里乌斯二世（约公元前146年至138年在位，约公元前129年至125年在位）铸造的。正面的国王可能是德米特里乌斯本人，戴着象征胜利的王冠。反面的人物是宙斯，可以通过他的鹰辨认出来。宙斯被用作许多希腊化硬币的反面，模仿亚历山大大帝铸造的硬币这枚硬币于公元前145年至141年在伊拉克现代巴格达附近底格里斯河上的塞琉古铸造。141年，帕提亚人占领了这座城市，并继续在那里铸造硬币。138年，德米特里本人在与帕提亚人作战时被俘，在接下来的十年里，他在帕提亚宫廷担任人质，甚至娶了一位帕提亚公主。
介绍（英）	Numismatists – the scholars who study coins – refer to the ‘front’ side of the coin, which usually features the head of a person or god, as the ‘obverse,’ and the ‘back’ side as the ‘reverse.’ On the obverse of this silver drachm coin, a bust of the king faces to the right. He is clean shaven wears a diadem (the headband worn by victorious athletes in ancient Greece) on his head. The reverse, which is struck off center, shows a seated man facing left, with his legs crossed. An eagle is perched on his outstretched right hand and he holds a staff in his left. An inscription in Greek surrounds him on three sides. The inscription is illegible because of the coin’s poor condition; from other examples we know that it reads "of King Demetrius Philadelphus the Victorious." This coin was struck by the Seleucid king Demetrius II (reigned ca. 146–138 B.C., and again ca. 129–125 B.C.). The king on the obverse is probably meant to be Demetrius himself, wearing a diadem as a symbol of victory. The figure on the reverse is Zeus, identifiable by his eagle. Zeus was used as a reverse type on many Hellenistic coins, in imitation of the coins struck by Alexander the Great. This coin was struck at Seleucia-on-the-Tigris near modern Baghdad, Iraq, between 145 and 141 B.C. In 141 the city was captured by the Parthians, who continued to strike coins there. In 138 Demetrius himself was captured fighting the Parthians, and he spent the next decade as a hostage at the Parthian court, even marrying a Parthian princess.