站立的公牛 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	站立的公牛
品名（英）	Standing bull
入馆年号	2002年，2002.34
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 500 - 公元前 1
创作地区
分类
尺寸	高 9 1/2 × 宽 3 1/2 × 深 9 3/8 英寸 (24.2 × 8.9 × 23.8 厘米) Base: 长 7 1/16 英寸 × 宽 3 1/2 英寸 (18 × 8.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	这头青铜公牛站在双层底座上。它的头部雕刻得很结实，竖立的耳朵在角后面，向上弯曲并略微向内弯曲。沉重的眉毛拱在镶嵌着贝壳的眼睛上。尾巴笔直垂到蹄子上，与阿拉伯西南部用雪花石膏雕刻的立公牛雕像平行，这表明这件作品可以追溯到公元前一千年后期，就像雪花石膏公牛一样。到公元前一千年中期，阿拉伯西南部出现了王国，其权力基于对乳香和没药贸易的控制，这些贸易原产于该地区。王国的巨大财富反映在使用青铜铸造大型雕塑以及较小的物体上，这些物品是在公元前一千年的大部分时间里生产的，公牛是常见的代表，可以在陪葬石碑，印章和雕塑上找到。
介绍（英）	This bronze bull stands on a double-based plinth. Its head is strongly sculpted with upright ears behind horns that curve up and slightly inward. Heavy brows arch over the eyes, which are inlaid with shell. The tail hangs straight down to the hooves and parallels those of southwestern Arabian statues of standing bulls sculpted in alabaster, suggesting that this piece dates to the late first millennium B.C. like the alabaster bulls. By the middle of the first millennium B.C., kingdoms had emerged in southwestern Arabia whose power was based on control of the trade in frankincense and myrrh, which are native to the region. The kingdoms' immense wealth is reflected in the use of bronze to cast large sculptures, as well as smaller objects, which were produced throughout most of the first millennium B.C. Bulls are commonly represented and can be found on funerary stelae, seals, and sculpture.