一对带外壳和附件的管上和管下锁定冲击活塞 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	一对带外壳和附件的管上和管下锁定冲击活塞
品名（英）	Pair of Over-and-Under Tube-Lock Percussion Pistols with Case and Accessories
入馆年号	1919年，19.53.106a–f
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者	Durs Egg【1748 至 1831】【瑞士人】
创作年份	公元 1780 - 公元 1840
创作地区	原产国: 英格兰, 伦敦（Country of Origin: England, London）
分类	火器手枪（Firearms-Pistols）
尺寸	Pistol (a): 长 9 3/4 英寸 (24.8 厘米); 长 of barrels 4 3/8 英寸 (11.1 厘米); Cal. of barrels .45 英寸 (11.4 厘米); 重 1 磅 2.2 盎司 (516 g); pistol (b): 长 9 5/8 英寸 (24.4 厘米); 长 of barrels 4 5/16 英寸 (11 厘米); Cal. of barrels .44 英寸 (11.2 毫米); 重 1 磅 2.6 盎司 (527.3 g); powder flask (c): 高 4 3/4 英寸 (12.1 厘米); 重 5.1 盎司 (144.6 g); bullet mould (d): 长 4 5/8 英寸 (11.7 厘米); 重 2.3 盎司 (65.2 g); patch box (e): 高 13/16 英寸 (2.1 厘米); 直径 9/16 英寸 (1.4 厘米); 重 1 盎司 (28.3 g); case (f): 高 2 3/4 英寸 (7 厘米); 宽 14 7/8 英寸 (37.8 厘米); 深 8 英寸 (20.3 厘米); 重 4 磅 5.5 盎司 (1970.3 g)
介绍（中）	杜斯·艾格是一位瑞士枪支制造商的儿子，大约1768年移民到英国，1772年在伦敦创办了自己的企业。他和他的侄子Joseph Egg（1775-1837）分别被誉为这座城市最有才华的两位枪支制造商。这对优雅的手枪最初安装了燧石锁，后来被改装为管锁，这是一种更先进的机制，由约瑟夫·曼顿（1766-1835）于1818年获得专利。随着技术的进步，改装是一种常见且经济的枪支更新方法作为一种点火手段，像管锁这样的撞击机构使用了一种名为雷酸盐的高度易燃的化合物，当用力撞击时，雷酸盐比火药燃烧得更快。管锁使用预制的充满雷酸盐的底漆管操作，免除了用户用松散的火药给锅涂底漆的步骤，并提供了改进的耐水性等优点。与当时伦敦正在开发的许多其他打击乐系统相比，这种机制在消费者中变得相对流行 19世纪初，火器技术在欧洲以惊人的速度发展。伦敦的精英枪支制造商，专注于优化准确性、操控性和速度，以满足英格兰体育贵族的期望，处于其发展的前沿。在1780年代和1790年代取得的设计进步，特别是燧石点火机构的改进的基础上，他们在接下来的三十年里获得了数十项专利，涉及从改进的锁紧机构到新型枪管制造技术等各种令人眼花缭乱的新技术，竞相保护和营销他们的发明。这一时期的许多伦敦火器都是手工制作的，精度极高，除了设计优雅外，还表现出非凡的机械独创性。这种在枪支领域的创造性推动可能是在英国工业革命的更广泛背景下进行的，这一时期以赞美技术进步和庆祝个人发明家和工程师为标志。
介绍（英）	The son of a Swiss gunmaker, Durs Egg emigrated to England about 1768 and started his own business in London in 1772. He and his nephew, Joseph Egg (1775–1837), separately established reputations as two of the most talented gunmakers in the city. This elegant pair of pistols was originally fitted with flintlocks that were later converted to tube-locks, a more advanced mechanism patented by Joseph Manton (1766–1835) in 1818. Conversion was a common and economical method of updating a firearm as technology progressed. As a means of ignition, percussion mechanisms like the tube-lock utilized a highly combustible chemical compound called fulminate, which burns more rapidly than gunpowder when struck with force. The tube-lock operated using pre-fabricated fulminate-filled primer tubes, relieving the user from the step of priming the pan with loose gunpowder, and offering improved water resistance, among other benefits. The mechanism became relatively popular among consumers compared to the many of the other percussion systems that were being developed in London at that time. Firearms technology advanced at an extraordinary pace in Europe in the early nineteenth century. London’s elite gunmakers, intensely focused on optimizing accuracy, handling, and speed to meet the expectations of England’s sporting gentry were at the forefront of its development. Building on design advancements made in the 1780s and 1790s, particularly the refinement of the flintlock ignition mechanism, they secured in the next three decades dozens of patents for a dizzying variety of new technologies ranging from improved lock mechanisms to novel barrel-making techniques, competing to protect and market their inventions. Handmade with remarkable precision, many London firearms of the period display extraordinary mechanical ingenuity, in addition to being elegantly designed. This creative push in the firearms field may be framed within the broader context of the Industrial Revolution in England—a period marked by the glorification of technological advancements and the celebration of individual inventors and engineers.