大师Seosan的肖像 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	大师Seosan的肖像
品名（英）	Portrait of the Great Master Seosan
入馆年号	1959年，59.19
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者	Unidentified artist
创作年份	公元 1667 - 公元 1799
创作地区
分类	绘画（Paintings）
尺寸	图像: 59 7/8 x 30 5/8 英寸 (152.1 x 77.8 厘米) 整体 with mounting: 88 1/2 x 37 1/8 英寸 (224.8 x 94.3 厘米) 整体 with knobs: 88 1/2 x 40 1/8 英寸 (224.8 x 101.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	这幅画描绘的是高僧清河当显正청허당휴정 （1520–1604），更为人所知的是他的死后头衔，Seosan Daesa서산대사, 或圣贤大师。除了身为承传佛教（中文为Chan，日文为Zen）的领袖外，Seosan Daesa还因在16世纪末帮助带领一支佛教僧侣军队对抗入侵的日本军队收复首都（今首尔）而闻名。在一段时期，佛教被政府正式镇压，取而代之的是理学作为统治意识形态，宗教继续发展，有时甚至繁荣起来。禅宗强调冥想，是兴盛的教派之一佛教寺庙供奉着受人尊敬的僧侣，特别是教宗或教义派创始人的理想肖像。像朝鲜时期的此类肖像画一样，僧侣坐在木椅上，四分之三的视野几乎填满了整幅画，没有背景。Seosan Daesa拿着一个大的苍蝇搅拌器；他的鞋子整齐地放在脚凳上。对面部特征的仔细描绘使拍摄对象看起来栩栩如生。卷轴底部中心的铭文提供了委托制作这幅肖像的捐赠者和修道院成员的姓名。
介绍（英）	This painting depicts the eminent monk Cheongheodang Hyujeong 청허당휴정 (1520–1604), better known by his posthumous title, Seosan Daesa 서산대사, or Great Master Seosan. In addition to his role as a leader of Seon Buddhism (Chan in Chinese; Zen in Japanese), Seosan Daesa was also renowned for helping lead an army of Buddhist monks against invading Japanese forces to recover the capital (present-day Seoul) in the late sixteenth century. In a period when Buddhism was officially suppressed by the government in favor of Neo-Confucianism as ruling ideology, the religion continued to develop and, at times, to prosper. Seon Buddhism, which emphasized meditation, was among the sects that flourished. Idealized portraits of revered monks, especially patriarchs or founders of doctrinal schools, were enshrined in Buddhist temples. As is typical of such portraits from the Joseon period, the monk sits on a wood chair in three-quarter view and fills nearly the entire painting, which is devoid of a background setting. Seosan Daesa holds a large fly-whisk; his shoes are neatly arranged on a footstool. The careful delineation of facial features gives the subject a lifelike appearance. The inscription at the bottom center of the scroll provides the names of the donors who commissioned this portrait and of members of the monastery.