朋友 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	朋友
品名（英）	Rakan
入馆年号	1927年，27.69
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者	Shōun Genkei【1648 至 1710】【日本人】
创作年份	公元 1688 - 公元 1695
创作地区
分类	雕塑（Sculpture）
尺寸	高 33 1/2 英寸 (85.1 厘米); 宽 28 3/4 英寸 (73 厘米); 深 26 1/4 英寸 (66.7 厘米)
介绍（中）	Rakan（梵语：arhat）是在历史佛陀释迦牟尼去世和未来佛陀弥勒到来之间的一段时间里，在地球上守护和宣示佛教法律的苦行僧。它们激发了日本艺术中对人物形象最自由、最生动的描绘。老年和为救赎而斗争留下了印记，但在人物粗糙的脸和身体中，强烈表达了每个人的独特性因为若干通过严格的个人努力和冥想获得了启迪，他们吸引了禅宗的修行者，并成为中世纪日本的流行偶像。他们通常以十六人、十八人或五百人为一组进行描绘。这尊雕像是僧侣雕塑家Shōun Genkei在近十年的时间里为Ōbaku禅寺Gohyaku Rakanji（五百拉坎寺）创作的五百尊雕像之一。这座寺庙最初位于江户东郊，后来被搬迁到东京的梅古罗区。
介绍（英）	Rakan (Sanskrit: arhat) are ascetics who guard and proclaim Buddhist law on earth in the period between the death of Shakyamuni, the historical Buddha, and the coming of Maitreya, the Buddha of the Future. They have inspired some of the freest and most lively depictions of the human figure in Japanese art. Old age and the struggle for salvation have left their mark, but in the figures’ gnarled faces and bodies is a strong expression of the uniqueness of each individual. Because rakan achieved enlightenment through rigorous individual effort and meditation, they appealed to practitioners of Zen Buddhism and became a popular icon in medieval Japan. They are conventionally portrayed in groups of sixteen, eighteen, or five hundred. This statue was one of five hundred created over the course of nearly ten years by the monk-sculptor Shōun Genkei for the Ōbaku Zen temple Gohyaku Rakanji (Temple of Five Hundred Rakan). Originally on the eastern outskirts of Edo, the temple was relocated to the Meguro district of Tokyo.