石桥 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	石桥
品名（英）	The Stone Bridge
入馆年号	1993年，1993.202
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者	Zhang Feng【1618 至 1662】【中国人】
创作年份	公元 1661
创作地区
分类	绘画（Paintings）
尺寸	图像: 60 3/4 × 18 5/16 英寸 (154.3 × 46.5 厘米) 整体 with mounting: 86 3/4 × 25 3/4 英寸 (220.3 × 65.4 厘米) 整体 with knobs: 86 3/4 × 29 1/2 英寸 (220.3 × 74.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	张峰的父亲是一名军事督军，1631年在保卫明朝抵抗满族入侵时去世。1644年明朝灭亡后，张退出社会，进入佛教教堂。这幅画是张最后一幅过时的作品之一，体现了他成熟时大胆、自由的笔触。它展示了一位孤独的学者在冬日的风景中。他抓着一根棍子，双手伸进袖子里御寒，站在一座石桥旁，一动不动。这些图像让人想起了佛教圣地天台山的天然石拱门。传说任何人只要成功跨过滑拱门，就会进入天堂，成为不朽的人物。张的自传体形象既不能到达天堂，也不能回到自己的故乡；他被眼前严酷的现实所吸引，在那里他必须面对自己的局限和死亡张的题词强化了这个人物与他的世界之间的紧张关系：是谁在玉喷射中紧握着一根铁棍激流在石桥下潺潺作响雪，像花儿的灵魂，不停地飞翔<春风还在等着山人的召唤从这首诗中可以清楚地看出，春天的更新还没有到来——画中的学者——隐士无法召唤春风，就像张能够恢复逝去的明一样。
介绍（英）	Zhang Feng's father, a military governor, died in 1631 while defending the Ming dynasty against Manchu incursions. After the fall of the Ming in 1644, Zhang withdrew from society and entered the Buddhist church. This painting, one of Zhang's last dated works, epitomizes the bold, free brush manner of his maturity. It shows a lone scholar in a wintry landscape. Clutching a staff with hands drawn into his sleeves to protect them from the cold, he stands erect and motionless beside a stone bridge. The imagery recalls the natural stone arch at Mount Tiantai, a site sacred to Buddhists. Legend has it that anyone who succeeds in crossing the slippery arch will enter paradise and become an immortal. Zhang's autobiographical figure can neither attain paradise nor return whence he came; he is riveted to the harsh reality of the present, where he must face both his limitations and his mortality. Zhang's inscription reinforces the tension between the figure and his world: Who is it gripping an iron staff in the jade spray The torrent's waters ringing beneath the stone bridge? Snow, like flowers' souls, flies about without pause; The spring wind still awaits the mountain man's summons. From the poem it becomes clear that spring's renewal is not forthcoming—the scholar—recluse in the painting is no more able to summon the spring wind than Zhang is capable of restoring the fallen Ming.