蓝棕榈碗碎片 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	蓝棕榈碗碎片
品名（英）	Fragments of a Bowl with Blue Palmette
入馆年号	1932年，32.150.122
策展部门	伊斯兰艺术（Islamic Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 800 - 公元 899
创作地区	发现或挖掘于: 伊拉克, 泰西封（Found/excavated: Iraq, Ctesiphon）
分类	陶瓷制品（Ceramics）
尺寸	高 1 5/8 英寸 (4.1 厘米) 宽 6 1/2 英寸 (16.5 厘米) 深 3 1/8 英寸 (7.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	这个碗是在637年被阿拉伯穆斯林军队征服的萨珊王朝大都市和行政首都Ctesiphon挖掘出来的。这座城市在阿拉伯语中被称为al-Mada'in，或"城市"，因为它的面积扩大。阿拉伯历史学家沉迷于描述al-Mada'in/Ctesiphon的宏伟纪念碑，这些纪念碑痴迷于穆斯林统治者，并可能获得了与其帝国过去有关的象征意义。Taq-i Kisra就是这种情况，这是一个令人印象深刻的伊万（一个一侧开放的拱形大厅），部分拆除，以便在新首都巴格达的哈里发建筑中重复使用其砖块。像这样的碎片是在一个名为el-Ma'aridh II的遗址中挖掘出来的，证明了在伊斯兰早期对Ctesiphon市区的持续占领。类似的陶瓷是伊拉克陶艺家在9世纪取得的进步之一。除了技术创新，例如开发一系列釉料不透明技术和钴蓝的使用，陶艺家的作品证明了他们的艺术创造力。白底釉上涂蓝色的组合是新美学（"蓝白"）的一个例子。这种先进的陶器生产受益于广泛的商业网络，既可以检索原材料，也可以传播成品。用于蓝色的钴，在伊拉克几乎不存在，是从高加索或伊朗进口的。伊拉克的"蓝白"船只远至中国东部，可能是也可能不是后来的中国青花瓷的灵感来源。
介绍（英）	This bowl was excavated at Ctesiphon, the Sasanian metropolis and administrative capital conquered by Arab Muslim armies in 637. The city was known in Arabic as al-Mada’in, or “the cities”, for its extended area. Arab historians indulge in describing al-Mada’in/Ctesiphon’s grand monuments, which obsessed Muslim rulers and may have acquired a symbolic meaning related to its imperial past. This was the case of the Taq-i Kisra, an impressively-sized ivan (a vaulted hall with one side open) partially dismantled to reuse its bricks in caliphal buildings in the new capital Baghdad. Finds like this fragment, which was excavated at a site named el-Ma'aridh II, attest to the continued occupation of Ctesiphon’s urban area in the early Islamic period. Similar ceramics count amongst the advances achieved by Iraqi potters in the 9th century. Beside technical innovations, such as the development of a range of opacifying techniques for glazes and the use of cobalt blue, the potters’ works attest of their artistic creativity. The combination of in-glaze-painted blue on a white background is an example of the new aesthetic (“blue and white”). Such advanced pottery productions profited of broad commercial networks both for the retrieval of raw materials and the diffusion of the finished product. The cobalt employed for the blue, nearly absent in Iraq, was imported from the Caucasus or Iran. Iraqi “blue and white” vessels have been found as far East as China and may or may not have inspired the later blue and white Chinese porcelains.