开口环胸针 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	开口环胸针
品名（英）	Open-Ring Brooch
入馆年号	1981年，1981.413
策展部门	中世纪艺术（Medieval Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 800 - 公元 825
创作地区	制造于: 爱尔兰, 戈尔韦（Made in: Ireland, Galway）
分类	金属制品银（Metalwork-Silver）
尺寸	整体: 2 1/16 x 3 11/16 x 11/16 x 3 3/4 英寸 (5.2 x 9.3 x 1.8 x 9.5 厘米)
介绍（中）	1854年6月，在爱尔兰戈尔韦附近的一块田地里发现了这种银制的新月形胸针，这种胸针在基督教早期广泛分布于不列颠群岛。每个航站楼都装饰着三个风格化的面具，形状是鸟或蝙蝠的头，镶嵌在中央的抛光琥珀上。当胸针被发现时，这个简单的平头针是向后安装的从类型上讲，胸针与苏格兰圣尼尼安岛上发现的许多皮克特式胸针有关，这些胸针的特征是在码头上正式制作了动物或鸟类面具作为浮雕。这种胸针似乎在八世纪末就已经流行起来了。戈尔韦胸针是在爱尔兰发现的三枚苏格兰皮克特早期居民胸针之一，展示了爱尔兰和皮克特形式之间的密切风格亲缘关系。由于胸针可以与九世纪爱尔兰血统的其他胸针联系在一起，这两种文化之间的紧密联系可能是该类型胸针迁移的结果目前的例子是第一个进入大都会收藏的penannular胸针。其装饰中面具的清晰执行使其成为现存皮克特胸针中最好的胸针之一。
介绍（英）	This silver penannular brooch—a type that was widespread in the British Isles during the Early Christian period—was discovered in June 1854 in a field near Galway, Ireland. Each terminal is decorated with three stylized masks in the form of birds' or bats' heads, enframing a centrally mounted polished amber. The simple, flat-headed pin was mounted backwards when the brooch was found. Typologically, the brooch is related to a number of Pictish examples found on St. Ninian's Isle in Scotland that, characteristically, have formalized animal or bird masks executed in relief on the terminals. Such brooches appear to have been in fashion toward the end of the eighth century. The Galway brooch is one of three atrributed to the Picts—early inhabitants of Scotland—that were found in Ireland, and demonstrate the close stylisitc affinities between Irish and Pictish forms. Since the brooch can be related to others of Irish origin, dated to the ninth century, this strong connection between the two cultures might be the result of the migration of the type. The present example is the first penannular brooch to have entered the Metropolitan's collection. The crisp execution of the masks that figure in its decoration makes it among the finest of all the Pictish brooches to have survived.