盘子 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	盘子
品名（英）	Plate
入馆年号	1956年，56.171.136
策展部门	修道院（The Cloisters）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1430 - 公元 1470
创作地区	制造于: 西班牙, 巴伦西亚, 可能是马尼塞斯（Made in: Spain, Valencia, probably Manises）
分类	陶瓷制品（Ceramics）
尺寸	整体: 2 5/8 x 17 1/2 英寸 (6.7 x 44.5 厘米) Diameter of foot: 5 7/8 英寸 (14.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	这盘子上印有佛罗伦萨莫雷利家族的徽章，一定属于一个大餐桌服务。这个大盘子在当代文献中被称为tayador或tallador，可以用作雕刻的挖沟机或用于提供肉类或其他食物的救药机。匹配服务的例子很少流传下来，尽管文件表明，为国内和出口市场提供了大量服务。在1454年的收据中，马尼塞斯光泽器皿工厂的霸主唐·佩德罗·布尔（Don Pedro Buyl）的遗孀收到了6000盖尔多（约相当于2016年的36万美元）的付款，作为运往出口市场的陶器商品的十分之一。这些货物离开瓦伦西亚港格劳，运往地中海市场，通常由马略卡登记的船只运输。出于这个原因，光泽器皿，以及后来的所有釉面陶器，被称为珐琅器。盘子上的孔出现在大多数大盘子上，可能是由于烧制过程，其中盘子被悬挂在还原窑中，以避免与同时烧制的其他物体接触而损坏釉料。完全以铜光泽呈现的常春藤图案在本世纪末成为越来越流行的装饰图案，因为陶艺家更多地模仿贵金属制品的表面光泽。
介绍（英）	This plate is emblazoned with the coat of arms of the Morelli family of Florence, and must have belonged to a large table service. This large plate, called in contemporary documents a tayador or tallador, could have been used as a trencher for carving or a salver for serving meats or other foods. Examples of matching services have only rarely survived, although documents indicate great numbers were made for both the domestic and the export markets. In a receipt dated 1454, the widow of Don Pedro Buyl, overlord of the Manises lusterware factories, received payment of 6000 gueldos (roughly equivalent to $360,000 in 2016) as a tithe on the potters’ goods destined for the export market. These wares leaving Grao, the port of Valencia, destined for Mediterranean markets, generally were transported by ships of Mallorcan registry. For this reason, lusterware, and later all glazed earthenware, became known as majolica. The holes in the plate, which appear on the majority of large serving dishes, may be explained by the firing process in which the plates were hung in a reducing kiln to avoid marring the glaze by contact with other objects being fired at the same time. The ivy pattern rendered completely in copper luster became an increasingly popular decorative motif toward the end of the century as potters more literally imitated the surface sheen of precious metalwork.