狮子面罩门拉手 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	狮子面罩门拉手
品名（英）	Lion mask door pull
入馆年号	2007年，2007.20
策展部门	中世纪艺术（Medieval Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1425 - 公元 1450
创作地区	制造于: 德国, 纽伦堡（Made in: Germany, Nuremberg）
分类	金属制品铜合金（Metalwork-Copper alloy）
尺寸	整体: 8 7/8 x 7 7/16 x 2 5/16 英寸 (22.5 x 18.9 x 5.9 厘米) Back Plate only: 7 15/16 x 7 7/16 x 2 5/16 英寸 (20.2 x 18.9 x 5.9 厘米)
介绍（中）	狮子面具形式的拉门是整个中世纪许多中世纪教堂的特色。这种拉扯不仅起到装饰性门五金的作用，而且作为圣所戒指，象征着教会为那些逃离法律起诉和其他危险的人提供保护。这个大胆的例子是用铜合金铸造的，代表鬃毛的辐射发在铸造后用雕刻工具加固。风格和元素分析表明，这种门拉可能是在十五世纪上半叶在德国南部的纽伦堡制造的，那里多产的作坊还创造了令人印象深刻的aquamanilia（用于洗手的动物和人类形式的水容器）和其他铸造物体。它与巴伐利亚州奥格斯堡大教堂门上的一对门拉非常接近，另一个密切相关的例子是在华盛顿特区的国家美术馆。这组拉门，以及十五世纪纽伦堡制造的许多水族之间的强烈相似之处，表明到中世纪末期，德国南部的金属制品店已经开始批量生产此类物品。
介绍（英）	Door pulls in the form of lion masks were a feature of many medieval churches throughout the Middle Ages. Such pulls functioned not only as decorative door hardware but also as sanctuary rings, symbols of the protection the church offered to those fleeing legal prosecution and other dangers. This bold example was cast in copper alloy, and the radiating locks of hair representing the mane were reinforced with an engraving tool after casting. Stylistic and elemental analyses reveal that this door pull was likely made in the first half of the fifteenth century in Nuremberg, in southern Germany, where prolific workshops also created impressive aquamanilia (water vessels in animal and human form used for washing hands) and other cast objects. It is strikingly close to a pair of door pulls still found on the doors of the Cathedral of Augsburg, in Bavaria, and another closely related example is in the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C. This group of door pulls, and the strong similarities among many aquamanilia made in fifteenth-century Nuremberg, suggest that by the end of the Middle Ages metalwork shops in southern Germany had begun serially producing such objects.