胡琴 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	胡琴
品名（英）	Huqin
入馆年号	1889年，89.4.39
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1801 - 公元 1900
创作地区	中国（China）
分类	合唱歌手卢特鞠躬未解冻（Chordophone-Lute-bowed-unfretted）
尺寸	高 29 15/16 × 深 4 5/8 × Belly diam. 2 7/16 英寸 (76 × 11.8 × 6.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	胡琴是元朝（1280-1368）由游牧的蒙古人传入中国的。（乐器名称中出现"hu"表示这是一种外国进口乐器。）胡琴琴弦之间的弓毛可能反映了蒙古人在骑马时需要将弓固定在乐器上。胡琴是在膝盖上垂直演奏，左手用手指弹奏，右手鞠躬。在早期，当地小提琴种类繁多，但今天，与欧洲小提琴家族一样，某些标准尺寸的小提琴盛行尽管这个19世纪的例子是沙漏形的琴身，但二胡通常有一个圆形或六边形的音箱和一个蛇皮腹。它在传统合奏团、现代管弦乐队和独奏表演中都能听到。在歌剧中，它要么将高音小提琴（京胡）的旋律加倍，要么为女性角色伴奏。在中国南方和台湾，它被称为南湖。
介绍（英）	Two-stringed fiddles (huqin) were introduced into China by nomadic Mongols during the Yuan dynasty (1280-1368). (The presence of "hu" in the name of an instrument indicates that it was a foreign import.) Bow hairs passing between the huqin's strings may reflect the Mongol's need to secure the bow to his instrument while on horseback. Huqin are played vertically on the knee, fingered with the left hand and bowed with the right. In earlier times, there existed a greater variety of local fiddles, but today, as with the European family of violins, certain standard sizes prevail. Although this nineteenth-century example has an hourglass-shaped body, the erhu more typically has a round or hexagonal sound box and a snakeskin belly. It is heard in traditional ensembles, modern orchestras, and solo performances. In the opera, it either doubles the melody of a higher-pitched fiddle (jinghu) an octave lower or accompanies female roles. In southern China and Taiwan, it is known as the nanhu.