Cittern公司 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	Cittern公司
品名（英）	Cittern
入馆年号	1889年，89.4.1036
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1701 - 公元 1800
创作地区	法国（France）
分类	长笛拨弦琴（Chordophone-Lute-plucked-fretted）
尺寸	Total length: 802 毫米
介绍（中）	尽管该文书上没有签名，但它与Deleplanque的其他文书非常相似，包括《大都会报》（The Met）的另一个例子（1982.241.2），因此其归属毋庸置疑。该乐器建于1760年代，是德勒普兰克早期作品的一个例子，其特点是采用摩擦钉盒，而不是后来受英国影响的手表按键调谐机制。木栓箱比黄铜调音机构更轻，可以让琴颈与整个乐器一起振动，尽管使用铁弦更难保持一致。当时的乐器制造商正在寻找新的方法来保持他们的乐器的一致性，而仅几年后制造的1982.241显示了朝着这一目标的进一步发展。（丹尼尔·惠尔登，2016）技术描述：十一串（七道菜）梨形汤圆；两件式松木顶部，带骨和乌木（乌木硬木？），以等轴模式装订，中间有b/w/b/w层压板；音孔直径73.6毫米，带有雕刻、花卉图案的木制花环（最初镀金）、浮动山毛榉桥、带11个销的象牙尾件；两件式枫木背；枫树的肋骨、颈部和头部；黑檀木饰面（枫木芯？）指板，带15个黄铜指板；摩擦调谐器。（丹尼尔·惠尔顿，2016）
介绍（英）	Although there is no signature on this instrument, it is so similar to other instruments by Deleplanque including another example at The Met (1982.241.2) that its attribution is not in doubt. Built in the 1760s, this instrument is an earlier example of Deleplanque’s work, featuring a friction peg box instead of the later English-influenced watch-key tuning mechanism. The wooden peg box is lighter than the brass tuning mechanism and allows the neck to vibrate with the entire instrument, though with iron strings it was more difficult to keep in tune. Instrument makers of this time were looking for new ways to keep their instruments in tune, and 1982.241, made only a few years later, shows further developments towards this goal. (Daniel Wheeldon, 2016) Technical description: Eleven-string (seven course) pear-shaped cittern; two-piece pine top with bone and ebony (ebonized hardwood?) binding in isometric pattern with b/w/b/w laminate between; soundhole diameter 73.6 mm with a carved, floral patterned wood rosette (originally gilded), floating beech bridge, ivory tailpiece with 11 pins; two-piece maple back; ribs, neck and head of maple; ebony veneer (maple core?) fingerboard with 15 brass frets; friction tuners. (Daniel Wheeldon, 2016)