G中的Jagdhorn - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	G中的Jagdhorn
品名（英）	Jagdhorn in G
入馆年号	1914年，14.25.1623
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者	Jacob Schmidt【1642 至 1720】【德国人】
创作年份	公元 1660 - 公元 1720
创作地区	德国, 纽伦堡（Germany, Nürnberg）
分类	Aerophone唇形振动喇叭（Aerophone-Lip Vibrated-horn）
尺寸	高 (perpendicular to bell): 18 7/8 英寸 (47.9 厘米) Diameter (of bell): 9 1/8 英寸 (23.1 厘米)
介绍（中）	雅各布·施密德（Jacob Schmid，1642-1720 年）是纽伦堡小号制作作坊的创始人，该作坊在他的儿子约翰·雅各布和孙子保卢斯的领导下蓬勃发展了大约一个世纪。到目前为止，已知雅各布施密德的六种乐器幸存下来，一种天然小号，两支长号和三只号角，其中两支在博物馆收藏中。现在的号角处于原始状态，并标有"纽伦堡的MACHT IACOB SCHMIDT"和主人的标志，一只带有会标JS的鸟。该乐器采用A型扁平音调，配有用于皮革表带的金属环，并在花环上装饰有铸造的动物。这两个特征都表明该乐器被设计为狩猎号角和/或用于Jagdcorps（狩猎合唱团）的号角，在那里它与双簧管和巴松管一起演奏。这种带有大 1-1/2 线圈的角在 1680 年左右在富豪狩猎中流行起来。大约在1700年，号角开始被包括在歌剧和音乐会管弦乐队中，并且以略有不同的方式建造。从那时起，喇叭通常以比C更低的音调建造，并配备更大的铃铛，遵循更柔和和更柔和的声音的趋势。施密德的号角显然遵循了这一新趋势。
介绍（英）	Jacob Schmid (1642–1720) was the founder of a trumpet-making workshop in Nuremberg, which flourished under his son Johann Jacob and grandson Paulus for about a century. So far, six instruments by Jacob Schmid are known to have survived, one natural trumpet, two trombones, and three horns, of which two are in the Museum's collection. The present horn is in original condition and marked with the inscription "MACHT IACOB SCHMIDT IN NURNBERG" and the master's sign, a bird with the monogram JS. The instrument, pitched in A-flat, is furnished with a metal ring for a leather strap and decorated with cast game animals applied to the garland. Both features indicate that the instrument was designed as a hunting horn and/or as a horn to be used in a Jagdcorps (hunting choir), where it was played with oboes and bassoons. Horns of this kind and with a large 1-1/2 coil, came into fashion around 1680 in the regal hunt. About 1700, horns began to be included in opera and concert orchestras and were built in a slightly different way. From this time onward, horns were usually built in lower pitches than C and furnished with larger bells, following the trend toward a softer and mellower sound. Schmid's horn clearly follows this new trend.