鼓 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	鼓
品名（英）	Drum
入馆年号	2010年，2010.172.1
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 300 - 公元前 200
创作地区	秘鲁, 帕拉卡斯（Peru, Paracas）
分类	单头/锥形圆筒膜（Membranophone-single-headed / cylindro-conical）
尺寸	8 1/4 × 4 1/2 × 4 1/2 英寸 (21 × 11.4 × 11.4 厘米)
介绍（中）	大约从公元前700年到公元700年，帕拉卡斯人和后来的纳斯卡人居住在秘鲁南部海岸。这两种培养物的一个共同点是使用了一个形状独特的陶瓷鼓，它有一个圆柱形的项圈，上面覆盖着一层皮肤膜，它通向一个球形的中空体，终止于一个闭合点。这些罕见的早期音乐文化例子的重要性还有待充分探索。最大的双耳瓶状鼓，高15至18英寸，经常装饰着雕刻和多色的拟人化和神话般的人物。有人认为，这些较大的鼓是用于仪式的。相比之下，博物馆的这对鼓很小，可能是在不同的背景下演奏的。图像证据表明，他们可能被捆绑在一起，绑在球员的腰上。雕刻和绘画的装饰使人联想到大自然。学者们认为，放在鼓体周围基点上的鸟，它们的喙指向狭窄的末端，是蜂鸟，会鞭打意志薄弱的人。
介绍（英）	From about 700 B.C. to A.D. 700 the Paracas and later the Nasca resided along the southern coast of Peru. One feature the two cultures had in common was the use of a uniquely shaped ceramic drum with a cylindrical collar covered by a skin membrane that opened into a bulbous, hollow body terminating in a closed point. The significance of these rare and early examples of a past musical culture is yet to be fully explored. The largest of the amphora-like drums, 15 to 18 inches tall, were frequently decorated with incised and polychrome anthropomorphic and mythical beings. It has been suggested that these larger drums were for ritual use. The Museum’s pair of drums are small by comparison and were perhaps played differently and in a different context. Iconographical evidence implies that they may have been bound together and strapped to the player’s waist. The incised and painted decoration evokes nature. Scholars have suggested that the birds placed at the cardinal points around the drum’s body, their beaks pointing to the narrow terminus, are hummingbirds and whip-poor-wills.