纸莎草灌丛中的鸟类浮雕 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	纸莎草灌丛中的鸟类浮雕
品名（英）	Relief with Birds in the Papyrus Thicket
入馆年号	1906年，06.1231.3a, b
策展部门	埃及艺术（Egyptian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 2030 - 公元前 2000
创作地区	来自于: 埃及（From: Egypt）
分类
尺寸	高 49 厘米 (19 5/16 英寸); 宽 107 厘米 (42 1/8 英寸); 深 11.5 厘米 (4 1/2 英寸)
介绍（中）	位于Deir el Bahri的Mentuhotep II国王神庙的重要性仅次于位于萨卡拉的乔瑟国王阶梯金字塔建筑群。从前面的正式花园看，纪念碑的外观是一个阶梯式结构，有两个带柱廊的叠加露台，由一座中央立方体状的"原始山丘"高耸，正如一些学者认为的，另一些学者质疑的那样，山顶可能是一座金字塔。中央的"立方体"四面被圆柱大厅包围。再往西，切入岩石表面，沿着一个开放的庭院，然后是埃及最早的多柱式大厅。在这个大厅的最西端，有一个壁龛，里面有一尊巨大的国王雕像，前面的照壁庇护着一个带祭坛的小避难所。多柱式大厅的浮雕是用砂岩雕刻的，而石灰石浮雕装饰着中央"立方体"和上下门廊周围的柱状大厅。这座寺庙供奉着已故的门图霍特普二世，埃及上层的太阳神蒙图热，以及后期新出现的阿蒙热神在后期的Rameside建筑工人寻找可重复使用的石材时，几乎所有Mentuhotep II寺庙的浮雕装饰墙都被拆除了。然而，许多区块在这些活动中被砸碎，因此数千块碎片幸存下来，被挖掘者发现：首先是1859-1860年的达弗林勋爵，然后是1903-1907年为英国埃及勘探基金会工作的爱德华·纳维尔。这个碎片一定是描绘国王在沼泽地狩猎的大型浮雕的一部分（这类完整场景见30.4.48）。该场景可能位于寺庙的一个上部柱廊中。
介绍（英）	The importance of the temple of King Mentuhotep II at Deir el-Bahri is second only to the one of King Djoser's step pyramid complex at Saqqara. Seen from its formal garden in front the monument had the appearance of a stepped structure with two superimposed terraces with colonnades, towered by a central cube-like "primeval hill," on top of which - as some scholars believe, others question - may have been a pyramid. The central "cube" was surrounded on all four sides by columned halls. Further west, and cut into the rock face, followed an open courtyard and then Egypt's earliest hypostyle hall. At the westernmost end of this hall a niche contained a colossal statue of the king and in front of it screen walls sheltered a small sanctuary with an altar. Reliefs in the hypostyle hall were carved in sandstone, while limestone reliefs decorated the pillared halls around the central "cube" and the upper and lower porticoes. The temple was dedicated to the cult of the deceased Mentuhotep II, the upper Egyptian solar deity Montu-Re and, in its late phase, the newly emerging god Amun-Re. Almost all the relief decorated walls of the Mentuhotep II temple were pulled down during quarrying by late Rameside construction crews searching for reusable stone material. Many blocks, however, got smashed during these activities and thus thousands of fragments survived to be found by the excavators: first Lord Dufferin in 1859-1860, then Edouard Naville working for the British Egypt Exploration Fund in 1903-1907. This fragment must have been part of a large relief depicting the king on a hunt in the marshes (for a complete scene of this type see 30.4.48). The scene was probably placed in one of the upper colonnades of the temple.