寒山和实德 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	寒山和实德
品名（英）	Hanshan and Shide
入馆年号	1957年，57.84
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者	Kenkō Shōkei 賢江祥啓【1478 至 1523】【日本人】
创作年份	公元 1550 - 公元 1599
创作地区
分类	绘画（Paintings）
尺寸	图像: 36 1/4 × 14 1/2 英寸 (92.1 × 36.8 厘米) 整体 with mounting: 72 1/2 × 19 3/4 英寸 (184.2 × 50.2 厘米) 整体 with knobs: 72 1/2 × 21 3/4 英寸 (184.2 × 55.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	八世纪的中国人物寒山和实德（Kanzan和Jittoku，日语）是禅宗佛教僧侣，他们在中国神圣的天台山上的一座寺庙国庆寺担任低级职务。寒山是一位隐居的僧侣诗人，而他一贯的同伴石德经常拿着扫帚，表明他作为寺庙的监护人。这对深受喜爱的古怪人物代表了禅宗僧侣实践的反传统方面，是日本绘画中最受欢迎的具象主题之一。这幅和尚的形象是他们并排的，实德在前，双手背在身后，身后的寒山指着天空，向同伴投去一个了解的眼神。像这样的构图来自日本收藏的绘画，这些画作被认为是由中国禅宗僧侣画家牧谿（活跃于 1250-80 年）创作的。它们在 16 世纪的日本东部激增，在那里它们经常被僧侣画家賢江祥啓（活跃于 1478 年 - 约 1523 年）的追随者绘制。本作的印章上写着庆生的印章，他是昭庆的特别多产的追随者，但印章已被确定为伪造的。
介绍（英）	The eighth-century Chinese figures Hanshan and Shide (Kanzan and Jittoku, in Japanese) were Chan (Zen) Buddhist monks who held low-level positions at Guoqingsi, a temple on China’s sacred Mount Tiantai. Hanshan was a reclusive monk-poet, while Shide, his constant companion, is often shown carrying a broom, indicating his role as the temple’s custodian. This beloved pair of eccentric figures came to represent an iconoclastic aspect of Zen monastic practice and is among the most popular figural subjects in Japanese painting. This image of the monks shows them side by side, with Shide in front, hands held behind his back, while Hanshan behind him points to the sky and casts a knowing glance to his companion. Compositions like this one were derived from paintings held in Japanese collections that were believed to have been created by the Chinese Zen monk-painter Muqi 牧谿 (active ca. 1250–80). They proliferated in sixteenth-century eastern Japan, where they were frequently painted by followers of the master monk-painter Kenkō Shōkei 賢江祥啓 (active ca. 1478–ca. 1523). The present work is impressed with a seal reading Keison, a particularly prolific follower of Shōkei, but the seal has been determined to be forged.