⑪阿伊努长袍⇔ - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	⑪阿伊努长袍⇔
品名（英）	Ainu robe
入馆年号	1967年，67.172.2
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1868 - 公元 1912
创作地区
分类	纺织品服装（Textiles-Costumes）
尺寸	整体: 48 1/4 x 50 1/2 英寸 (122.6 x 128.3 厘米)
介绍（中）	北海道和日本北部邻近岛屿的土著人，以及前苏联的千岛群岛和萨哈林群岛的土著人被称为阿伊努人。阿伊努人的起源尚不确定，他们浅色的肤色、浓密的胡须和浓密的波浪形黑色头发使他们与日本人区别开来。1868年明治维新后，阿伊努人被迫从狩猎、捕鱼和采集转向农业和商业捕鱼，由于与日本人通婚，这个古老民族的非混合人口总数继续下降。阿伊努人宗教的基本形式是万物有灵论。例如，熊是阿伊努人的最高神，人们认为，在纪念这种动物的特殊节日中，牺牲的熊的灵魂会向祖先的灵魂传递信息在冬季，阿伊努妇女在织布机上编织这样的长袍。这些纤维来自于春天或秋天从树上剥下后软化的榆树皮。几何设计中的蓝色布料贴花具有实用功能，可以保护长袍颈部、袖子和边缘周围容易磨损的区域。这种设计也是为了防止恶灵进入长袍佩戴者的身体。
介绍（英）	The indigenous people of Hokkaido and the adjacent islands in the northern part of Japan, as well as of the Kuriles and Sakhalin in the former U.S.S.R., are known as Ainu. The origin of the Ainu is uncertain, and their light complexions, heavy beards, and abundant wavy, black hair distinguish them from the Japanese. After the Meiji restoration in 1868, the Ainu were forced to shift from hunting, fishing, and gathering to agriculture and commercial fishing, and because of intermarriage with the Japanese the total unmixed population of this ancient people continues to decline. The basic form of Ainu religion is animism. The bear, for instance, is a supreme Ainu deity, and the spirit of a sacrificed bear is believed to carry messages to the ancestral spirits during the special festivals honoring this animal. In the winter season Ainu women wove such robes on a loom. The fibers were from elm bark that had been softened after being peeled off the trees in spring or autumn. The applique of blue cloth in a geometric design has a practical function, protecting the areas around the neck, sleeves, and edges of the robe that are easily worn out. The design was also intended to prevent evil spirits from entering the body of the wearer of the robe.