沙夫龙（马头防御） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	沙夫龙（马头防御）
品名（英）	Shaffron (Horse's Head Defense)
入馆年号	2016年，2016.170
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元 375 - 公元 725
创作地区	原产国: （Country of Origin: ）
分类	马术装备Shaffrons（Equestrian Equipment-Shaffrons）
尺寸	22 1/16 x 26 3/4 英寸 (56 x 68 厘米)
介绍（中）	这种沙夫隆非常罕见，因为它是中亚纺织沙夫隆为数不多的已知例子之一（另见2016.171），而且它是一个很大程度上完整的纺织物，来自纺织碎片成为常态的地区和时期。编织技术和图案表明，丝绸是在中亚制造的，灵感来自丝绸之路上通过商业而闻名的中国织物<一种用丝绸做成的仪式用披风（马头罩）。沙夫隆有两个圆形的眼孔。在顶部边缘的中心，有一个标签形式的投票片，位于马的投票耳朵之间。沿着底部边缘有两个凹口以容纳鼻孔。眼睛上方和鼻孔上方分别垫有新月形的衬垫。主要纺织品为深紫棕色，带有紧密分组和略微偏移的水平rondels行的重复图案。图案由三排图案组成：第一排，三叶图案；第二排，围绕着中心新月的一圈圆点；第3排，圆形花朵。行按以下顺序交替排列：2、1、3、1、2、1，3、1等，从上到下，共18行，上下各部分行。整个沙夫隆的外边缘、眼睛开口的边缘、眉毛和鼻孔的外边缘都用未经图案处理的棕褐色丝绸镶边。背面覆盖着红褐色的普通丝绸。内部填充了一种毡制动物纤维，这种纤维可能是用来填充或隔热的。在帽舌的左上角有皮革标签或饰边的残留物。这件披肩是用至少四条缝在反面外缘的鞋带系上的：一条鞋带的一部分和另外三条鞋带的连接点都保留了下来。
介绍（英）	This shaffron is extraordinarily rare both for being one of only a few known examples of Central Asian textile shaffrons (see also 2016.171) and for the fact that it is a largely intact and complete textile object from a region and period when textile fragments are the norm. The weaving technique and the motifs suggest that the silk was made in Central Asia, inspired by Chinese fabric that was known via commerce on the Silk Road. A ceremonial shaffron (horse's head covering) made of silk. The shaffron has two circular eye openings. At the center of the top edge there is a poll piece in the form of a tab that would lay between the ears on the horse's poll. Along the bottom edge there are two notches to accommodate the nostrils. There are separately padded crescent-shaped pieces above the eyes and above the nostril areas. The main textile is dark purple-brown with a repeating pattern of closely grouped and slightly offset horizontal rows of rondels. The pattern consists of three rows of motifs: row 1, a trefoil design; row two, a circle of dots around a central crescent; row 3, a circular blossom. The rows alternate in the following sequence: 2, 1, 3, 1, 2, 1, 3, 1, etc., from top to bottom in 18 full rows, with partial rows above and below. The outer edges of the entire shaffron, the edges of the eye openings, and the outer edges of the eyebrows and nostrils are trimmed with an unpatterned tan silk border. The reverse is covered with plain reddish-brown silk. The interior is stuffed with a felted animal fiber that may have been intended to serve as padding or insulation. There are remains of leather tabs or trim on the proper upper left of the poll tab. The shaffron was tied on with at least four laces that were stitched to the outer edges of the reverse: a portion of one lace and the attachment points for three others remain.