沙夫龙（马头防御） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	沙夫龙（马头防御）
品名（英）	Shaffron (Horse's Head Defense)
入馆年号	2016年，2016.171
策展部门	武器和盔甲（Arms and Armor）
创作者
创作年份	公元 375 - 公元 725
创作地区	原产国: （Country of Origin: ）
分类	马术装备Shaffrons（Equestrian Equipment-Shaffrons）
尺寸	15 3/4 x 14 9/16 英寸 (40 x 37 厘米)
介绍（中）	这种沙夫隆非常罕见，因为它是中亚纺织沙夫隆为数不多的已知例子之一（另见2016.170），而且它是一个很大程度上完整的纺织物，来自纺织碎片成为常态的地区和时期。编织技术和图案表明，丝绸是在中亚制造的，灵感来自丝绸之路上通过商业而闻名的中国织物<一种仪式用的披风（马头罩），由丝绸制成，供一匹小马使用。shaffron有两个圆形的眼睛开口，中央顶部有一个半圆形延伸部分，底部边缘有两个大的v形凹口，用于容纳鼻孔。一系列九个圆形突出部从轮询件的外边缘延伸；一根白色的羽毛仍然附着在一个翼片上。两侧边缘有褶皱的拉夫或镶边。眼睛和鼻孔上方有新月形的碎片，底边有三个小的锥形丝绸吊坠，一个在鼻子中央，一个放在每个鼻孔的尖端。主要纺织品有绿色的地面和重复的窄垂直带图案，带有风格化的花卉、动物和几何设计。它四周都有一个厚厚的边框，上面装饰着紧密排列的窄条，上面填充着紫色、棕褐色和黑色的风格化图案。眼睛和鼻孔上的新月形贴花顶部覆盖着与主要纺织品相同的织物，下侧衬有红色丝绸。从投票件延伸出来的标签正面覆盖着扎染织物，红色地面上有紫色圆点图案，背面覆盖着未经图案处理的蓝色丝绸。褶皱的头领是深紫色，米白色和绿色。主要部分的背面或衬里为未经图案处理的红棕色。背面有鞋带或领带，由一对蓝色领带组成，位于眼睛上方和投票件底部；两条米白色领带，一条在眼睛高度的两边；以及一条灰白色领带（相应领带的剩余部分打结在其上），该领带连接在右下边缘。内部填充了一种毡制动物纤维，这种纤维可能是用来填充或隔热的。
介绍（英）	This shaffron is extraordinarily rare both for being one of only a few known examples of Central Asian textile shaffrons (see also 2016.170) and for the fact that it is a largely intact and complete textile object from a region and period when textile fragments are the norm. The weaving technique and the motifs suggest that the silk was made in Central Asia, inspired by Chinese fabric that was known via commerce on the Silk Road. A ceremonial shaffron (horse's head covering), made of silk, for a small pony. The shaffron has two circular openings for the eyes, a poll piece in the form of a semicircular extension at the center top, and two large v-shaped notches to accommodate the nostrils along the bottom edge. A series of nine rounded tabs extend from the outer edge of the poll piece; a white feather remains attached to one tab. There is a pleated ruff or trim along both side edges. There are applied crescent-shaped pieces above the eyes and nostrils and three small cone-shaped silk pendants along the bottom edge, one in the center of the snout and one at the point of each nostril. The main textile has a green ground and a repeating pattern of narrow vertical bands bearing stylized floral, animal, and geometric designs. This is edged all around with a thick border decorated with closely set narrow bands filled with stylized motifs in purple, tan and black. The crescent appliqués over the eyes and nostrils are covered on the top by the same fabric as the main textile and lined with red silk on their undersides. The tabs extending from the poll piece are covered on the front with tie-dyed fabric with a pattern of purple dots on a red ground and on the back with unpatterned blue silk. The pleated ruff is dark purple, off-white, and green. The back or lining of the main section is unpatterned reddish brown. There are laces or ties on the back consisting of a pair of blue ties above the eyes and at the base of the poll piece; two off-white ties, one on either edge at the height of the eyes; and one off-white tie (with the remains of the corresponding tie knotted to it) attached to the lower proper right edge. The interior is stuffed with a felted animal fiber that may have been intended to serve as padding or insulation.