托盘（塔拉姆） - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	托盘（塔拉姆）
品名（英）	Offering tray (talam)
入馆年号	2017年，2017.61.3
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1100 - 公元 1399
创作地区
分类	金属制品（Metalwork）
尺寸	高 1 1/4 英寸 (3.2 厘米); 直径 21 15/16 英寸 (55.7 厘米)
介绍（中）	在中世纪的爪哇印度教仪式中，大型金属祭祀托盘经常被用来准备仪式用具和用具。古爪哇语中使用的术语是tahas，在现代爪哇语和印度尼西亚语中称为talam。这两个变体术语都可以来源于泰米尔语中同一器具，tattam。在过去的十年中，这种类型的零碎青铜托盘以及其他金属寺庙器皿从10世纪中叶的爪哇海沉船中挖掘出来，证实了它们的古老性。中爪哇（8至10世纪）的传统和仪式实践在接下来的几个世纪中在东爪哇的印度教 - 佛教中心得到了广泛的保留，直到15世纪伊斯兰教的到来。这个供品托盘有一个上翘和斜面的边缘，在中心场，雕刻了一个开花的丰盛花瓶（purnaghata）的设计。花瓶膨胀的身体唤起了生育力，郁郁葱葱的莲茎和两朵华丽的花朵填满了上部空间，包围了花瓶。purnaghhata站在一个展示台上，代表开放的莲花瓣。这个中心图像的框架是三条装饰带，由简单的凿刻图案组成，中间的锯齿状可能暗示着辐射的太阳。
介绍（英）	In medieval Javanese Hindu ritual, large metal offering trays were regularly employed for the preparation of ritual utensils and paraphernalia. The term used in Old Javanese is tahas, and they are referred to in modern Javanese and Indonesian as talam. Both variant terms can be sourced to the Tamil word for the same utensil, tattam. Fragmentary bronze trays of this type, together with other metal temple utensils, have been excavated from a mid-10th century shipwreck in the Java Sea in the past decade, affirming their antiquity. The traditions and ritual practices of Central Java (8th to 10th century) were largely preserved in the following centuries in the Hindu-Buddhist centres of East Java, up to the coming of Islam in the 15th century. This offering tray has an upturned and beveled rim and in the centerfield, an engraved design of a flowering vase of plenty (purnaghata). The swelling body of the vase evokes fecundity, and lush lotus stems with two magnificent blooms fill the upper space, bracketing the vase. The purnaghata stands on a presentation stand represented as open lotus petals. Framing this central image are three bands of decoration consisting of simple chiseled patterns, the central one serrated to likely suggest the radiating sun.