禅师与禅师和中式风景 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	禅师与禅师和中式风景
品名（英）	Zen Master with Meditation Staff, and Chinese-Style Landscapes
入馆年号	2015年，2015.500.9.51a–c
策展部门	亚洲艺术（Asian Art）
创作者	Unkoku Tōeki【1591 至 1644】【日本人】
创作年份	公元 1626 - 公元 1644
创作地区
分类	绘画（Paintings）
尺寸	Each: 图像: 42 3/8 x 16 7/8 英寸 (107.6 x 42.9 厘米) 整体 with mounting: 75 × 17 3/4 英寸 (190.5 × 45.1 厘米) 整体 with knobs: 75 × 19 3/4 英寸 (190.5 × 50.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	前现代日本的肖像画不一定显示出准确的相似性，但这里的人物，在禅宗大师的中国传统肖像画中，似乎是个性化的；可能是禅宗大师Ten'ýJōkō;自己，也可能是他的大师。他手里拿着一个"训诫员"，提醒昏昏欲睡的学生冥想。从十四世纪末开始，风景在禅宗水墨画中很常见，创作三幅作品时，在佛教神或高僧的图像两侧有自然图像，这已成为一种惯例。在这里，我们发现了悬崖、岩石露头、亭台楼阁和一个孤独的人过桥的常见图案。画家Unkoku Tōeki是Unkoku学派创始人T艮gan的儿子，该学派声称自己是单色水墨大师Seshú的后裔。在16世纪20年代初，Tōeki在大德寺的附属寺庙工作，Ten'ý在那里很活跃每幅卷轴上都有Ten'ý的诗意题词，他于1625年成为京都大德寺Rinzai禅寺建筑群的第169任住持。Ten'ý也被称为"Muhanshi"夢伴子, 用于此处的签名。Ten’ý是MankōSō; tei的学生，也是Daitokuji的住持。天尼在这个寺庙建筑群中创建了白干庵，人们认为他设计了著名的南花园。他是著名禅宗大师Takuan Sōhō;的亲密同事，这一点可以从他的书面致敬中得到证实，也可以从安装在Nanshúji的Takuan雕像上的铭文中得到证实。
介绍（英）	Pre-modern Japanese portraiture does not necessarily display accurate likeness, but the figure here, in the chinsō tradition of portraiture of Zen masters, seems individuated; it may be the Zen master Ten’yū Jōkō himself, or his master. He holds an “admonition staff” (shippei) in his hands for alerting sleepy students in meditation. Landscapes were common in Zen ink painting from the late fourteenth century, and it became a convention to create triptychs of work with a natural images flanking an image of a Buddhist deity or eminent monk. Here we find the common motifs of cliffs, rocky outcrops, pavilions, and a lone figure crossing a bridge. The painter Unkoku Tōeki was the son of Tōgan, founder of the Unkoku school which claimed descent from Sesshū, the great master of monochrome ink painting. In the early 1620s, Tōeki worked at the sub-temples of Daitokuji, where Ten’yū was active. Each scroll features a poetic inscription by Ten’yū, who in 1625 became the 169th abbot of the Rinzai Zen temple complex Daitokuji, Kyoto. Ten’yū also went by the name “Muhanshi” 夢伴子, used in the signature here. Ten’yū was a student of Mankō Sōtei—also abbot of Daitokuji. Ten'yū founded Baigan’an at this temple complex and it is thought that he designed the famed south garden. He was a close colleague of the eminent Zen master Takuan Sōhō as attested by his written tribute, as well as an inscription on a statue of Takuan installed at Nanshūji, a branch temple of the complex located in Sakai where Ten’yū was abbot.