一对喇叭 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	一对喇叭
品名（英）	Pair of horns
入馆年号	2020年，2020.5.1, .2
策展部门	乐器（Musical Instruments）
创作者
创作年份	公元 1729
创作地区
分类	航空电话（Aerophone）
尺寸	Bell diameter 23.0厘米 Max width across coils: 42厘米
介绍（中）	这对圆号是一种过渡设计，跨越了乐器从狩猎到管弦乐队的历程。尽管它们本可以在户外使用，但它们代表了18世纪前几十年管弦乐队中出现的越来越频繁的更紧凑的圆号形式。亨德尔的圆号演奏者，其中大多数来自德国，很可能会用类似的乐器演奏水上音乐这对喇叭由黄铜制成，直径为16英尺，在设计和构造的所有细节上都是相同的。喇叭口和话筒接收器支架由扁平金属制成。钟形撑杆的法兰被切割成细长的杯状。仪器的主体管被缠绕3½次。两个喇叭的缠绕方式相同，当喇叭保持在演奏位置时，吹口接收器位于管的左侧，因此这些乐器是"右手"的（尽管它们可以用任何一只手举在最上面），而不是镜像对。两个角的身体管都被古老的、可能是同时代的布包裹着。这些乐器的表面有着温暖而深的铜绿。钟和车身管上可见纵向抛光标记，且与当代制造技术一致。喇叭的内部已被熏黑。这个表面磨损严重，有几层油漆，没有一层是最近的，很明显。钟内部明显的磨损模式表明，这些喇叭是用手在钟中演奏的，并表明它们可能被用来演奏以非和声音符为特色的曲目，这需要使用手喇叭技术。钟形边缘由一个用金属丝加固的宽花环和一个以撒克逊边缘的方式折叠的下边缘装饰和保护。每个角的花环上都印着五只双头帝王鹰，围绕其圆周等距排列，制造商的名字如下：IOHANN GOTFRID/HALTENHOF/IN HANAU 1729 Bradley Strauchen Scherer
介绍（英）	This pair of horns is of a transitional design that spans the instrument’s journey from the hunt to the orchestra. Although they could have been used in an outdoor context, they are representative of the more compact form of the horn that appeared with increasing frequency in orchestras in the first decades of the 18th century. It is likely that Handel’s horn players, most of whom hailed from Germany, would have played the Water Music on instruments similar to this. Made from brass and pitched in 16 foot ’D, this pair of horns is identical in all details of design and construction. The bell and mouthpiece receiver stays are fashioned of flat metal. The flange of the bell stay is cut in an elongated cup shape. The body tubing of the instruments is coiled 3 ½ times. The two horns are wound identically, with the mouthpiece receiver on the left-hand side of the tubing when the horns are held in playing position, thus the instruments are "right handed" (although they could be held with either hand uppermost) and are not a mirror pair. The body tubing of both horns has been partially wrapped with cloth binding that is old and possibly contemporaneous. The surface of the instruments is warmly and deeply patinated. Longitudinal burnishing marks are visible on the bells and body tubing and are consistent with contemporary fabrication techniques. The bell interiors of the horns have been blackened. This surface is well worn and several layers of paint, none of them recent, are evident. Distinct patterns of wear in the bell interior indicate that these horns were played with the hand in the bell and suggest that they might have been used to perform repertoire featuring nonharmonic notes, which would have required the use of hand horn technique. The bell edge is decorated and protected by a wide garland reinforced with wire and an under-folded edge in the manner of a Saxon rim. The garland of each horn is stamped with five double-headed imperial eagles equidistantly spaced around its circumference and with the maker’s name as follows: IOHANN GOTFRID/HALTENHOF/IN HANAU 1729 Bradley Strauchen-Scherer