路易十六和玛丽·安托瓦内特 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	路易十六和玛丽·安托瓦内特
品名（英）	Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette
入馆年号	2019年，2019.283.137
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	Pierre-Simon-Benjamin Duvivier【1730 至 1819】【法国人】
创作年份	公元 1781
创作地区
分类	奖章和牌匾（Medals and Plaquettes）
尺寸	Confirmed: 5/16 × 2 7/8 英寸 (0.8 × 7.3 厘米)
介绍（中）	这枚宏伟的纪念章背离了惯例。虽然国王的肖像，在本例中是法国的路易十六（1754-1793年；1774-1792年在位），按照惯例出现在正面，但通常描绘在背面的寓言图像在这里被路易的妻子和王后玛丽·安托瓦内特（1755-1793年在位；1774-1792年在位）的肖像所取代。因为背面也没有纪念铭文，所以不确定该奖章是为了纪念路易和玛丽·安托瓦内特统治时期的哪一个特定事件。1781年的日期可能提供了线索 1781年，经过七年的婚姻，玛丽·安托瓦内特生下了她的第一个儿子，也是法国王位的继承人。这枚奖章可能是为了庆祝期待已久的出生所保证的王室主权的永恒和庄严。对比鲜明的国王和王后肖像都传达了不同的信息。路易十六简单地披上了斗篷，没有披挂，留着飘逸的头发。他的肖像唤起了古代硬币上统治者的形象，并在视觉上将他的统治与永恒的王权概念联系起来。另一方面，玛丽·安托瓦内特（Marie Antoinette）则穿着镶有珠宝的现代国家长袍，代表着君主制的威严。仅仅八年后，这种浮夸的统治宣言就被法国大革命粉碎了一位天赋异禀的绘图师和雕刻师Benjamin Duvivier是巴黎铸币局的首席雕刻师，也是国王统治时期路易十六的主要勋章获得者。路易十六和玛丽·安托瓦内特是他最重要和最知名的勋章之一。
介绍（英）	This magnificent commemorative medal departs from convention. While the portrait of the king, in this case Louis XVI of France (1754-1793; r. 1774-1792), appears on the obverse as is customary, the allegorical imagery usually depicted on the reverse is here replaced by a portrait of Louis’s wife and queen, Marie Antoinette (1755-1793; r. 1774-1792). Because the reverse also lacks a commemorative inscription, it is uncertain what specific event in Louis and Marie Antoinette’s reign the medal celebrates. The date of 1781 may offer a clue. In 1781, after seven years of marriage, Marie Antoinette gave birth to her first son and heir to the French throne. The medal may have been intended to celebrate the timelessness and majesty of royal sovereignty that was assured by the long awaited birth. The contrasting portraits of the king and queen each send a distinct message. Louis XVI is shown simply draped, uncrowned, and with flowing hair. His portrait evokes the images of rulers on ancient coins and visually connects his reign with the timeless concept of kingship. Marie Antoinette, on the other hand, is portrayed in dazzlingly bejeweled contemporary robes of state to represent the monarchy’s majesty. Only eight years later, such grandiloquent proclamations of rulership were shattered by the French Revolution. A superbly gifted draftsman and engraver, Benjamin Duvivier, was chief engraver at the Paris mint and principal medalist to Louis XVI through the king’s reign. Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette is one of his most important and best-known medals.