教皇庇护九世时期城墙外圣保罗大教堂的重建和重新祝圣 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	教皇庇护九世时期城墙外圣保罗大教堂的重建和重新祝圣
品名（英）	Reconstruction and Re-consecration of the Basilica of Saint Paul Outside the Walls under Pope Pius IX
入馆年号	2021年，2021.20.2
策展部门	欧洲雕塑和装饰艺术（European Sculpture and Decorative Arts）
创作者	Giuseppe Bianchi【1808 至 1877】【意大利人】
创作年份	公元 1865
创作地区
分类	奖章和牌匾（Medals and Plaquettes）
尺寸	confirmed: 3 1/4 × 3 1/4 × 3/8 × 3 1/4 英寸 (8.3 × 8.3 × 1 × 8.3 厘米)
介绍（中）	1823年，大火摧毁了罗马四座古代教皇长方形会堂之一的"墙外圣保罗"。教皇庇护九世（1792-1878；1846-1878在位）承担了长达数十年的重建建筑的艰巨任务。1854年，庇护颁发了一年一度的教皇勋章，纪念圣保罗高坛的重新祝圣，正面（正面）描绘了教皇的侧面肖像，背面（背面）描绘了长方形会堂的内部。1865年，另一枚纪念正在进行的长方形会堂外部重建的教皇肖像奖章包括一个背面，展示了长方形会堂的正面、门廊入口和庭院柱廊。1865年，这些建筑场景被组合成一枚奖牌，这就是一个例子朱塞佩·比安奇（Giuseppe Bianchi）以夸张的广角视角出色地展示了雕刻师的艺术，展现了每一个建筑场景，可以看到圣保罗的外部庭院和立面，以及长方形会堂的天花板、地板、中殿拱廊和高祭坛的内部。视觉上远近的建筑元素，如华丽的科林斯柱头或门廊入口和后堂的具象马赛克等装饰，都以同样高度的清晰度和细节进行了描绘。巨大的空间深度和物理实体的结合创造了一种不可思议的立体效果，让观众可以虚拟地体验到长方形会堂的宏伟空间和神圣装饰。
介绍（英）	In 1823, fire devastated Saint Paul Outside the Walls, one of the four ancient papal basilicas in Rome. Pope Pius IX (1792-1878; reigned 1846-1878) took on the immense decades-long task of rebuilding the structure. In 1854, Pius issued an annual pontifical medal commemorating the re-consecration of Saint Paul’s high altar in which the pope’s profile portrait was depicted on the front (obverse) and a view of the basilica’s interior on the back (reverse). In 1865, another pontifical portrait medal celebrating the ongoing reconstruction of the basilica’s exterior included a reverse illustrating a view of its façade and its portico entrance and courtyard colonnade. In 1865, these architectural scenes were combined into a single medal of which this is an example. Superbly demonstrating the engraver’s art, Giuseppe Bianchi presents each architectural scene in exaggerated wide-angle perspective that allows for an impossibly encompassing view of Saint Paul’s exterior courtyard and façade, as well as the interior of the basilica’s ceiling, floor, nave arcade, and high altar. Visually near and distant architectural elements, such as the ornate Corinthian capitals or decorations such as the figurative mosaics in the portico entrance and apse, are depicted with the same heightened degree of clarity and detail. The combination of great spatial depth and physical solidity creates an uncanny stereoscopic effect that allows the viewer virtually to experience in miniature the basilica’s grand spaces and sacred adornments.