装饰性面罩 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	装饰性面罩
品名（英）	Ornamental mask
入馆年号	1980年，1980.563.18
策展部门	迈克尔·洛克菲勒之翼（The Michael C. Rockefeller Wing）
创作者
创作年份	公元 500 - 公元 700
创作地区	秘鲁（Peru）
分类	金属装饰品（Metal-Ornaments）
尺寸	高 3 3/4 × 宽 3 15/16 × 深 1 1/4 英寸 (9.5 × 10 × 3.2 厘米)
介绍（中）	据报道，这个面具是在秘鲁皮乌拉山谷Cerro Vicús附近的一个古老墓地Loma Negra发现的。在那里发现了数百座坟墓，里面有大量的陪葬品，包括金、银和铜制品。三世纪，强大的莫切统治者被埋葬在那里，当时他们的控制范围几乎延伸到厄瓜多尔。这个面具由镀银铜制成，后边缘有小突起，曾经固定在一个更大的物体上，可能是一个同样由金属制成的新月形头饰。浮雕的表面是通过在一个特殊的形状上锤击一块铜片而升高的，而现在已经支离破碎的单独形状的头饰和现在大部分缺失的许多小圆形垂饰最初是通过搭扣和订书钉固定的。几个世纪的埋葬和暴露在土壤中的盐分中导致腐蚀产物的形成，覆盖了曾经灿烂而薄的银表面。"半个眼睛"和尖牙的嘴，以及其原始的外壳镶嵌，描绘了一位被称为"斩首者"的莫切神。陶瓷、纺织品、木材、金属和建筑浮雕上对他的完整描绘显示，他一只手拿着一把图米（仪式切割刀），另一只手举着一个被砍下的人头。
介绍（英）	This mask was reportedly found at Loma Negra, an ancient cemetery near Cerro Vicús in the Piura Valley of Peru. Hundreds of tombs were discovered there containing large numbers of burial offerings, including works in gold, silver, and copper. Powerful Moche rulers were interred there in the third century, when their control reached almost as far as Ecuador. The mask, made of silvered copper, has small tabs along the back edges that were once fastened to a larger object, probably a crescent-shaped headdress also made of metal. The relief face was raised by hammering a copper sheet over a special form, and the separately shaped headdress—now fragmentary—and the numerous small round dangles—now mostly missing—were originally attached by means of the tabs and staples. Many centuries of burial and exposure to salts in the soil caused corrosion products to form, covering the once brilliant, thin silver surface. "Half-eyes" and the fanged mouth, with its original shell inlay, depict a Moche deity known as the "decapitator." Full-bodied representations of him on ceramics, textiles, wood, metal, and architectural reliefs show him holding a tumi (ritual cutting knife) in one hand and a severed human head in the other.