棕榈石榴墙面装饰 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	棕榈石榴墙面装饰
品名（英）	Wall decoration with pomegranates in palmettes
入馆年号	1932年，32.150.14
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元 6
创作地区
分类
尺寸	9 1/4 × 9 7/8 × 1 7/8 英寸 (23.5 × 25.1 × 4.7 厘米)
介绍（中）	灰泥浮雕通常被用来装饰伊旺和萨桑尼亚精英住宅的接待厅。在Ctesiphon地区挖掘的房屋中发现了许多例子，包括Tell Dheheb的这块碎片，它由一个重复的掌纹石榴组成。使用模具制作灰泥可以创造大规模的重复图案，如几何图案和植物图案 Ctesiphon市位于底格里斯河东岸，距离现代伊拉克巴格达以南20英里（32公里）。它作为帕提亚人和萨萨尼亚人的首都繁荣了800多年，这两个王朝是七世纪伊斯兰征服前统治古代近东的最后两个王朝。1928年至29年，由德国东方学会（Deutsche Orient Gesellschaft）赞助的一支探险队在克特西丰地区进行了系统的挖掘。1931-32年，大都会艺术博物馆和柏林国家美术馆进行了一次为期一季的联合探险。进行了几次挖掘，包括在主宫殿（Taq-i Kisra）、Tell Dheheb宫殿南部的一个小设防区、Ma’aridh土堆的多栋房屋，以及一个名为Umm ez-Za'tir的小土堆的额外房屋 Tell Dheheb（黄金之丘）位于Taq-I Kisra以南，是一个方形的小土丘，每侧约165米。挖掘发现了一个大致对称的方形围墙，里面有各种内部和外部扶壁。然而，在城墙内，建筑物和街道没有遵循任何对称或正交的规划。在一条挖掘出来的街道上，发现了各种形状和大小的房间和建筑。朝着土堆的中心挖掘出一座由直线房间组成的独立式建筑。在一些地方，墙壁被保存到16.5米的高度，墙上仍然有灰泥。朝着墙的顶部发现了可能是为了通风的小窗户。
介绍（英）	Stucco reliefs were commonly used to decorate the iwans and reception halls of elite Sasanian houses. Many examples were found in excavated houses in the Ctesiphon area including this fragment from Tell Dheheb consisting of a repeating pomegranate in palmette design. The use of molds to make stuccos allowed for the creation of large scale repetitive patterns such as geometric and vegetal motifs. The city of Ctesiphon was located on the east bank of the Tigris River, 20 miles (32 km) south of modern Baghdad in Iraq. It flourished for more than 800 years as the capital of the Parthians and the Sasanians, the last two dynasties to rule the ancient Near East before the Islamic conquest in the seventh century. Systematic excavations in the Ctesiphon area were undertaken by an expedition in 1928–29 sponsored by the German Oriental Society (Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft). The Metropolitan Museum of Art and the Staatliche Museen, Berlin, undertook a joint expedition for one season in 1931–32. Several excavations were conducted, including at the main palace (Taq-i Kisra), in a small fortified area south of the palace at Tell Dheheb, at multiple houses at the mounds of Ma’aridh, and at additional houses at a small mound called Umm ez-Za’tir. Tell Dheheb (Hill of Gold), located south of the Taq-I Kisra, is a small, square mound about 165 meters on each side. The excavations revealed a roughly symmetrical square enclosure wall with various internal and external buttresses. Within the walls, however, the buildings and streets did not follow any symmetrical or orthogonal planning. Rooms and buildings of various shapes and sizes were uncovered along one excavated street. Toward the center of the mound a free-standing building of rectilinear rooms was excavated. In some places the walls were preserved to a height of 16.5 meters with stuccos still on the walls. Small windows, probably for ventilation, were found toward the tops of the walls.