卧牛形状的罐子 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	卧牛形状的罐子
品名（英）	Jug in the form of a recumbent bull
入馆年号	1943年，43.89.1
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 700 - 公元前 550
创作地区
分类
尺寸	6 5/16 × 11 15/16 × 5 1/8 英寸 (16 × 30.4 × 13 厘米)
介绍（中）	这个罐子的形状是一头长脖子的躺着的公牛。公牛的身体大致呈圆柱形。它坐落在两个粘土褶皱上，这两个褶皱似乎代表了公牛折叠的腿，尽管前面的褶皱朝着错误的方向弯曲。一个粗嘴也可以作为公牛的尾巴。公牛的脖子很细，向后卷曲，头朝左。公牛有一个圆形的鼻子，凸出的眼睛和相互弯曲的角。这个罐子是用红粘土做的这个罐子是在伊朗西部卢里斯坦的Pish-i Kuh（"山前"）地区的Chekka Sabz（也拼写为Chigha Sabz，意思是"绿色土堆"）发掘的。它是在一个埋藏的物体库中发现的，其中包括两个新埃兰特圆柱密封件、两个人形容器和至少三个其他牛形容器。这些印章可以追溯到公元前8至6世纪，与它们一起发现的陶器，包括这只器皿，可能可以追溯到同一时期。虽然Chekka Sabz可能是青铜时代的一个小村庄，但到了铁器时代，它已经变成了一个露营地，可能是牧民在夏季和冬季牧场之间过渡时使用的。藏匿处似乎被匆忙掩埋，很明显，埋葬这些物品的人没有或不能回来找回它们来自Chekka Sabz的人偶双手紧握在他们面前。这种姿势在伊兰艺术中得到了证实，在那里它似乎是在上帝面前做出的正确姿势。因此，这些人物可能代表了虔诚的崇拜者，很可能是供品。这个公牛形状的罐子可能也是如此。
介绍（英）	This jug takes the shape of a recumbent bull with a long neck. The bull’s body is roughly cylindrical. It sits on two folds of clay that seemingly represent the bull’s folded legs, although the front fold is bent in the wrong direction. A thick spout also serves as the bull’s tail. The bull’s neck is slender and curls back so that its head faces to the left. The bull has a round snout, bulging eyes, and horns that curve toward one another. The jug is made of red clay. This jug was excavated at Chekka Sabz (also spelled Chigha Sabz, meaning ‘green mound’) in the Pish-i Kuh (‘before the mountain’) region of Luristan in western Iran. It was found in a buried cache of objects which included two Neo-Elamite cylinder seals, two vessels in the form of human figures, and at least three other bull-shaped vessels. The seals date to the 8th-6th centuries B.C., and the pottery found with them, including this vessel, likely date to the same period. Although probably a small village in the Bronze Age, by the Iron Age Chekka Sabz had been reduced to a campsite, perhaps used by pastoralists as they transitioned between summer and winter pastures. The cache seems to have been buried in haste, and it is clear that whoever buried the objects did not, or could not, return to recover them. The human figures from Chekka Sabz have their hands clasped before them. This pose is attested in Elamite art, where it appears to be the proper gesture to make in the presence of a god. Thus these figures probably represent attentive worshippers, and were likely meant to be offerings. The same is probably true of this bull-shaped jug.