朝圣瓶 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	朝圣瓶
品名（英）	Pilgrim flask
入馆年号	1948年，48.98.2
策展部门	古代近东艺术（Ancient Near Eastern Art）
创作者
创作年份	公元前 3
创作地区
分类
尺寸	5 3/16 英寸 × 4 英寸 × 1 3/4 英寸 (13.2 × 10.1 × 4.4 厘米)
介绍（中）	该船体呈鼓形，肩部有小环柄，口窄。它由淡黄色粘土制成，带有不透明的白色釉料。它是在今天伊朗西南部的苏萨挖掘出来的。苏萨是青铜时代到铁器时代埃兰王国的首都，随后是阿契美尼德波斯帝国的首都之一。它仍然是帕提亚人统治下的重要城市，帕提亚人在公元前 140 年左右征服了苏萨，直到公元 53 年左右一直是帕提亚造币厂的所在地。这艘船于1937年由法国德佩斯省挖掘出来，并移交给德黑兰博物馆，该博物馆于1948年将其赠送给大都会艺术博物馆，以换取测量设备。目前尚不清楚该烧瓶究竟是在何处发现的;然而，在古城东郊"工匠之城"的帕提亚墓葬中也发现了类似的烧瓶。这种形状的船只通常被称为"朝圣者烧瓶"，因为它们与从罗马帝国晚期开始在地中海周围的基督教朝圣地点出售的纪念品船只相似。然而，这种形状早在基督教出现之前就已经存在了，所以这个词有点误导。这种容器的小尺寸和狭窄的口当然适合用作水或其他饮料的个人烧瓶，就像现代食堂一样。
介绍（英）	This vessel has a drum-shaped body, small loop handles at the shoulder, and a narrow mouth. It is made of a yellowish clay, with an opaque white glaze. It was excavated at Susa in what is today southwestern Iran. Susa was the capital of the Elamite kingdom from the Bronze Age to the Iron Age, and was subsequently one of the capitals of the Achaemenid Persian Empire. It continued to be an important city under the Parthians, who conquered Susa around 140 B.C., and was the site of a Parthian mint until ca. A.D. 53. This vessel was excavated in 1937 by the French Délégation en Perse and turned over to the Tehran Museum, which in 1948 presented it to the Metropolitan Museum of Art in exchange for surveying equipment. It is not clear where exactly at the site this flask was found; similar flasks, however, have been found in tombs of Parthian date in the ‘Ville des Artisans,’ an eastern suburb of the ancient city. Vessels of this shape are often called ‘pilgrim flasks’ because of their resemblance to the souvenir vessels sold at Christian pilgrimage sites around the Mediterranean, beginning in the late Roman Empire. Yet this shape existed long before the advent of Christianity, so this term is somewhat misleading. The small size and narrow mouth of this vessel certainly lend themselves to its use as personal flask for water or some other drink, much like a modern canteen.