人体构造 - 美国大都会艺术博物馆展品查阅

品名（中）	人体构造
品名（英）	De humani corporis fabrica (Of the Structure of the Human Body)
入馆年号	1953年，53.682
策展部门	绘画和印刷品（Drawings and Prints）
创作者	Andreas Vesalius【1514 至 1564】【佛兰德人】
创作年份	公元 1555
创作地区	发布于: 瑞士, 巴塞尔（Published in: Switzerland, Basel）
分类	书（Books）
尺寸	整体: 15 9/16 x 10 1/2 x 3 1/4 英寸 (39.5 x 26.7 x 8.3 厘米) page: 15 1/4 x 10 1/4 英寸 (38.7 x 26 厘米)
介绍（中）	当安德烈亚斯·维萨利乌斯（1514–1564）首次发表其激进的《人体结构论》时，亚里士多德和盖伦的古代文本在欧洲医学院仍然被认为是权威的。通过自己的解剖，维萨利乌斯发现了古代作家的教义中的错误。这些缺陷引起了人们的注意，最初威胁到学术医疗机构，但最终赢得了维萨利乌斯的钦佩，并成为查理五世的宫廷医生，他将这本书献给了查理五世维萨留斯的作品中精心融入了200多幅木刻作品，这些作品由一群技艺高超的艺术家创作，其中可能包括在提香工作室接受培训的扬·斯蒂芬·范·卡卡尔（1499-1546）。在法布里卡之前，没有一篇关于解剖学的文章被画得如此完整或如此好，尽管这些图板的意图是说教性的，但它们也具有丰富的美学价值。封面展示了维萨利乌斯本人在一个宏伟的室内向一大群人讲课；他打破传统，直接站在尸体旁边，用自己的双手解剖。一个著名的板块序列描绘了一系列被剥皮的男人和骷髅，站在远处城镇和低地平线的风景中，仿佛在痛苦或沉思。除了展示身体的物理结构外，它们还意味着对人类状况更难以捉摸的方面的关注。
介绍（英）	When Andreas Vesalius (1514–1564) first published his radical De humani corporis fabrica (On the Structure of the Human Body), the ancient texts of Aristotle and Galen were still judged authoritative in the medical schools of Europe. By performing his own dissections, Vesalius discovered errors in the ancient authors' teachings. The De humani corporis fabrica, which drew attention to these flaws, initially threatened the academic medical establishment but ultimately won Vesalius admiration and a post as court physician to Charles V, to whom he dedicated the volume. Carefully integrated into Vesalius' text are over 200 woodcuts executed by a skilled group of artists that may have included Jan Steven van Calcar (1499–1546), who trained in the workshop of Titian. No text on anatomy before the Fabrica had ever been illustrated so completely or so well, and although the plates are didactic in intent, they are also rich in aesthetic merit. The frontispiece shows Vesalius himself lecturing to a huge crowd in a grand interior; breaking tradition, he stands directly beside the corpse, dissecting with his own hands. A famous sequence of plates depicts a series of flayed men and skeletons, standing as though in poses of pain or contemplation, in landscapes with distant towns and low horizons. In addition to demonstrating the physical structures of the body, they imply concern for more elusive aspects of the human condition.